明太祖对藩王的钳制措施及其成效探析  

An Analysis of Ming Taizu′s Restraining Measures against the Seignior and Their Effects

作　　者：吴德义[1] 陈昊 WU De-yi;CHEN Hao(School of History and Culture&Center for Ming and Qing History Studies,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院、明清史研究中心,天津300387

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期86-96,共11页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：朱元璋建立明朝后,稽仿古制,推行分封,具有由朱家子孙共享富贵与藩屏皇室的双重目的。然而诸王大多顽劣不堪、为非作歹,为此,他采取了亲身说教、委任王府官教导、编纂训诫书籍等手段加以劝谕,但因缺乏强制性,这些手段效果有限。同时,由于诸王屡教不改及其对皇权的潜在威胁,朱元璋同样在实际限制藩王权力上用力颇勤。其一系列举措使得藩王部分人身自由遭到限制、部分法律权与人事权被收回、礼仪尊卑秩序被重新厘定、军事权发生一定程度萎缩。尽管如此,由于分封制与大一统中央集权背道而驰的特性及其实际限制藩王权力措施的缺陷,还是为尔后的靖难之役埋下了隐患。从长远来看,日益浩繁的宗室供给更是加重了国家财政负担,进而成为明亡原因之一。After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty,he inherited the system of the previous dynasties and promoted the enfeoffmentsystem,which has the dual purpose of sharing wealth and consolidating the royal family′s rights.However,most of the seigniors were stubborn,stigmatizing,and doing evil.To this end,he adopted personal preaching,appointing royal officials to teach,compiling admonishment books,etc.,to persuade them,but because of the lack of coercion,these methods have limited effect.At the same time,due to failure in their admonishment and their potential threat to the imperial power,Zhu Yuanzhang exerted great efforts to restrict the power of the seigniors.A series of measures caused some personal freedoms of the princes to be restricted,some legal and personnel rights were taken back,the order of etiquette and inferiority was re-determined,and military powers Nonetheless,the enfeoffment system ran counter to the centralization of power,and the actual measures to restrict the power of the vassals were flawed,laying hidden dangers for the subsequent Jingnan Battle.In the long run,the ever-increasing supply of clan families further increased the financial burden of the country and became one of the reasons for the demise of the Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：明太祖 藩王 钳制 分封制 

分 类 号：K248.1[历史地理—历史学]