超临界CO_(2)强化页岩气开采及地质封存一体化研究进展与展望  

Research progress and prospect of the integrated supercritical CO_(2) enhanced shale gas recovery and geological sequestration

作　　者：卢义玉[1,2] 周军平[1,2] 鲜学福[1,2] 汤积仁[1,2] 周雷[1,2] 姜永东[1,2] 夏彬伟[1,2] 王香增[3] 康勇[4] LU Yiyu;ZHOU Junping;XIAN Xuefu;TANG Jiren;ZHOU Lei;JIANG Yongdong;XIA Binwei;WANG Xiangzeng;KANG Yong(State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control//Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Shaanxi Yanchang PetroleumCo.,Ltd.,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710052,China;Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Water Jet Theory&New Technology//Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室·重庆大学,重庆市400044 [2]重庆大学资源与安全学院 [3]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司 [4]水射流理论与新技术湖北省重点实验室·武汉大学

出　　处：《天然气工业》2021年第6期60-73,共14页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“超临界二氧化碳驱替页岩气动力学及流固耦合机制”(编号:51774060);“煤层气及煤系气合采基础研究”(编号:U19B2009);重庆市在渝院士牵头科技创新引导专项“页岩气储层压裂改造流体注入诱发断层活化致灾机理”(编号:cstc2019yszx-jcyjX0007)。

摘　　要：为了解决我国页岩气开发过程中使用水基压裂液造成的耗水量大和储层伤害等问题,提出了超临界CO_(2)强化页岩气高效开发及地质封存一体化(CO_(2)-ESGR)的技术思路;从超临界CO_(2)压裂、CO_(2)与CH4竞争吸附及CO_(2)-水-页岩的相互作用着手,研究了超临界CO_(2)压裂裂缝扩展规律、CO_(2)驱替CH4热力学与动力学原理,以及CO_(2)提高页岩气采收率和CO_(2)地质封存的机理;然后,对CO_(2)-ESGR技术全生命周期碳排放进行了分析,进而对CO_(2)-ESGR技术做出了展望。研究结果表明:①超临界CO_(2)压裂在页岩气储层中起裂压力更低,能够形成更复杂的裂缝网络;②CO_(2)在页岩中的吸附能力和吸附有序性远高于CH4,可以有效置换出CH4,进而提高页岩气的采收率;③页岩储层具备规模化封存CO_(2)的巨大潜力,封存机理主要包括吸附和矿化反应封存,选择合适的储层,CO_(2)封存量可以抵消页岩气开发与利用全生命周期的CO_(2)排放量,从而实现页岩气开发与利用全过程CO_(2)零排放甚至负排放;④今后,需研发绿色环保的CO_(2)增稠剂或者CO_(2)物理增黏技术,以提高CO_(2)携砂能力,进一步揭示CO_(2)在页岩储层中的物理、化学封存机制,同时推进CO_(2)-ESGR技术在煤层气、地热等其他非常规能源高效开发及CO_(2)封存领域的应用。结论认为,CO_(2)-ESGR技术为我国非常规油气、地热资源绿色高效开发开辟了一条新途径,该技术能够助力我国2030年碳达峰和2060年碳中和战略目标的实现。To solve the problems caused by the water-based fracturing fluid in the process of shale gas development in China,such as large water consumption and reservoir damage,this paper proposes a technical idea of integrated supercritical CO_(2)enhanced shale gas recovery and geological sequestration(CO_(2)-ESGR).The propagation laws of fractures induced by supercritical CO_(2)fracturing,the thermodynamic and dynamic principles of CO_(2)displacing CH4 and the mechanisms of CO_(2)enhanced shale gas recovery and CO_(2)geological sequestration were researched with supercritical CO_(2)fracturing,CO_(2)-CH4 competitive adsorption and CO_(2)-water-shale interaction as the beginning point.Then,the whole-life-cycle carbon emission of CO_(2)-ESGR technology was analyzed and its prospect was forecasted.And the following research results are obtained.First,supercritical CO_(2)fracturing has lower fracture initiation pressure and can induce more complicated fracture networks in shale gas reservoirs.Second,the adsorption capacity and orderliness of CO_(2)on shale are much higher than those of CH4,so it can effectively replace CH4 and consequently improve shale gas recovery.Third,shale reservoirs have a huge potential of large-scale CO_(2)sequestration and their sequestration mechanisms are mainly adsorption and mineralization reaction.If an appropriate reservoir is selected,CO_(2)sequestration can offset the CO_(2)emission in the whole life cycle of shale gas development and utilization,and thereby realize CO_(2)zero emission or even negative emission in the whole process of shale gas development and utilization.Fourth,in the future,it is necessary to develop green and environment-friendly CO_(2)thickeners or CO_(2)physical thickening technology to improve the proppant carrying capacity of CO_(2).In addition,it is necessary to further clarify the physical and chemical sequestration mechanism of CO_(2)in shale reservoirs while promoting the application of CO_(2)-ESGR technology in the efficient development of other unconventional ene

关 键 词：页岩气 超临界CO_(2)压裂 CO_(2)地质封存 竞争吸附 CO_(2)提高页岩气采收率 碳达峰 碳中和 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]