资本主义经济危机发生的动态分析与微观解释——基于马克思经济学的分析框架  

Dynamic Analysis and Micro-explanation of the Occurrence of Capitalist Economic Crisis: Based on the Analytical Framework of Marxist Economics

作　　者：周建锋[1] 岑子悦 ZHOU Jianfeng;CEN Ziyue(Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,350116)

机构地区：[1]福州大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2021年第2期15-23,共9页China Economic Studies

基　　金：2020年福州大学思想政治理论课研究专项基金资助项目(20SKZ02);福建省社科规划马工程重大项目(FJ2018MGCZ008);国家社科基金项目(17ZJL001)的资助。

摘　　要：在马克思经济增长模型中,经济增长率由储蓄率和平均利润率这两种相互消长的力量所决定。平均利润率不断下降是客观趋势,但存在一个不能为负的临界点,这使得储蓄率不可能无限提高,从而资本主义生产在不断扩大的同时,也埋藏了在某一临界点崩溃的因子。资本有机构成是解释资本主义经济危机的中介变量。资本有机构成提高既是生产繁荣的直接动因,也造就了社会消费能力的日益下降,从而呈现出生产无限扩大的趋势同整个社会消费相对缩小之间的矛盾。资本主义经济危机发生的机理对新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义具有重要启示意义:我国必须大力发展和解放生产力,必须积极推进共同富裕的实现,必须坚持公有制主体地位不动摇的底限。In Marxian economic growth model, the economic growth rate is determined by the saving rate and the average profit rate. Although the declining average profit rate is an objective trend, but there is a critical point that cannot be negative, which makes it impossible for the saving rate to increase infinitely high. As a result, while capitalist production continues to expand, it also conceals a factor that collapses at a certain critical point. The organic composition of capital is an intermediary variable that explains the capitalist economic crisis. The increase of the organic composition is not only the direct cause of the prosperity of production, but also leads to the decline of the society’s consumption power, which thus presents the contradiction between the trend of unlimited expansion of production and the relative shrink of consumption in the whole society. The mechanism behind the emergence of the capitalist economic crisis is a significant reference for our country in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. That is, China must vigorously develop and liberate the productive forces, actively promote the realization of common prosperity, and must adhere to the bottom line of the main position of public ownership.

关 键 词：经济危机 资本有机构成 平均利润率 

分 类 号：F039[经济管理—政治经济学] F091.91