喂入调节式秸秆破包揉丝机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Adjustable Feeding Straw Bale-breaking and Rubbing Filament Machine

作　　者：王铁军 王铁良[1] 崔红光[2] 宫元娟[2] 田素博[2] 王瑞丽[2] WANG Tiejun;WANG Tieliang;CUI Hongguang;GONG Yuanjuan;TIAN Subo;WANG Ruili(College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866 [2]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2021年第6期148-158,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：辽宁省高校科研经费项目(LSNFW201909);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-ZD-0706)。

摘　　要：为解决小型揉丝机难以同时处理属地人工打包的整株捆与机械压制的小方捆玉米秸秆的问题,设计了一种秸秆破包揉丝机。通过进行秸秆受力与运动分析确定影响机器工作的主要结构与工作参数,并对整机传动系统与各轴转速进行设计与匹配。研究整株及方捆秸秆在初始喂入、内部运动和筛分排出过程中关键结构与工作参数对工作效率和丝化效果的影响,以电机输出转速、筛孔直径和喂入间隙为试验因素,以标定单位功率生产率和秸秆丝化率为评价指标,采用三元二次回归正交旋转中心组合试验方法进行了试验与分析,建立了试验因素与评价指标的回归模型。结果表明:对标定单位功率生产率的影响主次顺序为电机输出转速、喂入间隙、筛孔直径,对秸秆丝化率的影响主次顺序为筛孔直径、电机输出转速、喂入间隙;最优工作参数组合为:处理整株秸秆时,电机输出转速1353 r/min、筛孔直径47 mm、喂入间隙12 cm,处理方捆秸秆时,电机输出转速1072 r/min、筛孔直径46 mm、喂入间隙35 cm;验证试验表明,整株及方捆秸秆的标定单位功率生产率和秸秆丝化率均值分别为99.34 kg/(kW·h)、98.86%和113.56 kg/(kW·h)、98.30%,满足设计要求。One of the critical barriers for small rubbing filament machine is the great varies of material sizes especially in the feeding direction,which makes it difficult to process the local baled straw by the same device.A small and adjustable bale-breaking and rubbing filament machine was developed and tested to improve baled straw filamentous performance.The machine integrated bale-breaking and feeding device,cutting and shredding device,rubbing and filamentous device and sieving and discharge device.The structure and working principles of the machine were introduced,and the force of the straw in each device was analyzed,on which key devices and components were designed.Meanwhile,the ratio speed of each aixs were matched by the analysis of the transmission system.Effects of motor output speed(X_(1)),screen hole diameter(X_(2))and feeding gap(X_(3))on the productivity of standardized unit power(YE)and the percentage of filamentous straw(Y_(H))were explored.Three-dimensional quadratic regression orthogonal rotation central combination experiment method combined with response surface method was used to conduct experiments and explore the interaction effects of influence factors on indicators.A regression model of influence factors and evaluation indicators was established through the analysis of variance.The significant factors affecting Y_(E) were ordered of X_(1),X_(3),X_(2),and the significant factors affecting YH were ordered of X_(2),X_(1),X_(3).In the interaction of factors,X_(1)X_(2)had an extremely significant impact on YE1,and a significant impact on YH1 and YH2;X_(1)X_(3)had an extremely significant impact on YE1 and a significant impact on YE2;X_(2)X_(3)had an extremely significant effect on Y_(E1) and Y_(E2).The optimal structure and working parameters combination were determined to be 1353 r/min and 1072 r/min for X_(1),47 mm and 46 mm for X_(2),and 12 cm and 35 cm for X_(3),respectively for the whole-plant and the square-bale maize straw.Verification experiments demonstrated that the actual values for the

关 键 词：捆包秸秆 破包揉丝 揉丝机 喂入调节装置 

分 类 号：S226.8[农业科学—农业机械化工程]