曼陀罗雄配子体发育及花粉活力测定研究  

Studies on the development of male gametophyte and pollen viability of Datura stramonium

作　　者：权赫根 于楷力 洪国 金英花[1] 全雪丽[1] QUAN Hegen;YU Kaili;HONG Guo;JIN Yinghua;QUAN Xueli(Agricultural College of Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2021年第2期25-30,共6页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20200523KJ);延边大学教学研究基金项目(延大教发2014[13]号);延边大学青年基金项目(延大科合字2017第28号)。

摘　　要：以曼陀罗花为材料,采用石蜡切片法和TTC法,研究了花粉母细胞减数分裂及其雄配子体的发育和花粉活力。结果表明:1)曼陀罗减数分裂中胞质分裂属同时型;2)四分体属四面体型;3)成熟花粉属于2核花粉粒,包括1个营养核和1个精核;4)花粉不同发育时期与花蕾大小具有相关性,曼陀罗花蕾长度约2.0 cm时小孢子处于单核靠边期,可作为花药培养选材依据;5)4个不同发育阶段花粉活力测定结果中,花瓣即将从花萼露出阶段花粉活力最低,为53.47%,花瓣已从花萼露出时期、花朵开放时期、花朵萎蔫时期这3个不同发育阶段之间花粉活力无显著差异,其花粉活力分别为81.17%,87.11%和86.70%。The meiosis of pollen mother cell,the development of male gametophyte and pollen viability of Datura stramonium were studied by paraffin section method and TTC method.The results indicated that in the meiosis of Datura stramonium,the cytokinesis belonged to simultaneous type.The arrangement of tetrads were tetrahedral construction.Mature pollens belonged to two core pollen grains,including one vegetative nucleus and one spermmatic nucleus.Different stages of pollen development were related to flower bud size.When the length of Datura flower buds was about 2.0 cm,the microspores were in the mid-late stage,which could be used as the basis for anther culture selection.The results of pollen viability in 4 different developmental stages showed that the pollen viability was the lowest(53.47%)at the stage of petal emerging from calyx.There was no significant difference in pollen viability among the three stages of petals have emerged from calyx,flower blooming and flower wilting,and the pollen viability was 81.17%,87.11%and 86.70%,respectively.

关 键 词：曼陀罗 雄配子体 花粉活力 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]