基层医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器使用现况调查  

Investigation on usage status of small pressure steam sterilizers in basic medical institutions

作　　者：罗锦雁[1] 戴传文[1] 王功军[1] 魏淑兰[1] 许秀月 詹勋雅 LUO Jin-yan;DAI Chuan-wen;WANG Gong-jun;WEI Shu-lan;XU Xiu-yue;ZHAN Xun-ya(Shenzhen Nanshan Center For Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Shenzhen 518054,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518054

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2021年第4期282-285,共4页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：深圳市南山区卫生科技计划基金资助项目(2019023);深圳市南山区艾滋病监测与防控医学重点学科资助项目。

摘　　要：目的了解基层医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器的使用管理及灭菌质量现况。方法随机选取深圳市50家医疗机构使用中的小型压力蒸汽灭菌器作为监测对象,采用问卷调查、现场查看和使用温度记录仪、生物监测和化学监测进行灭菌效果监测。结果共调查61台小型压力蒸汽灭菌器,应用温度记录仪进行有效实时物理、生物、化学监测,合格率分别为94.10%(5215/5542),99.35%(616/620)和100%。同批次实时物理监测和生物监测的结果有差异(P=0.039),吻合系数κ=0.243(P<0.01),吻合度较弱。医疗机构有制定操作规程的占76%,消毒管理人员经培训持证上岗率为54%,定期开展校准、物理监测和化学监测的医疗机构占比分别为42%、20%和100%,每周开展生物监测的医疗机构占比为8%。结论所调查医疗机构小型压力蒸汽灭菌器存在管理和监测不规范的问题,需加强消毒人员培训和监管,同时加强物理参数监测和故障原因分析,保证灭菌器的灭菌效果。Objective To investigate the management and quality monitoring situation of small pressure steam sterilizers in basic medical institutions.Methods 61 small pressure steam sterilizers used in 50 medical institutions of Shenzhen were randomly selected.A questionnaire survey and on-site inspection were conducted.Temperature recorders,biological monitoring method and chemical monitoring method were used for sterilization effect monitoring.Results A total of 61 small pressure steam sterilizers were investigated,and the qualified rate of real-time physical,biological and chemical monitoring by temperature recorders were 94.10%(5215/5542),99.35%(616/620)and 100%,respectively.The results of real-time physical monitoring were not completely consistent with those of biological monitoring(P=0.039).The test showed anastomosis coefficientκ=0.243(P<0.01)and the anastomosis degree was weak.76%of the medical institutions had operating procedures.The rate of training and certification for disinfection managers was 54%.However,the rates of periodic calibration,physical monitoring and chemical monitoring were 42%,20%and 100%,respectively.Only 8%medical institutions carried out biological monitoring weekly.Conclusion The management and monitoring of small pressure steam sterilizers in the medical institutions investigated are non-standardized.It is necessary to strengthen the training and supervision of disinfection personnel and to strengthen physical parameter monitoring and analyze the failure causes of sterilizers,so as to ensure the sterilization effect.

关 键 词：医疗机构 压力蒸汽灭菌器 调查 监测 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]