2017—2020年济宁市无偿献血现状调查及对策  

Investigation and Countermeasures on the Status Quo of Unpaid Blood Donation in Jining City from 2017 to 2020

作　　者：高磊 GAO Lei(Department of Physical Examination and Blood Collection,Jining Central Blood Station,Jining,Shandong Province,272000 China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市中心血站体检采血科,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2021年第11期25-27,共3页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的分析2017—2020年济宁市无偿献血现状,为济宁市医疗用血提供依据。方法选取2017—2020年济宁市血液中心的血液管理数据进行分析,详细统计献血人次、献血量,分析无偿献血现状。结果在2017—2019年间,献血总量不断升高(140144、143010、148672 U);献血总人数(79291、81922、84734人次);献血400 mL(61723、61088、63938人次),献血200 mL(17568、20834、20796人次),人次明显增加。2017年血液检测报废率1.03%,2018年血液检测报废率1.02%,2019年血液检测报废率1.11%,2020年血液检测报废率0.77%。2020年2月受特殊情况影响采血量明显减少(下降40%),后期医院恢复诊疗后用血量增长迅速。结论济宁市无偿献血者在献血前进行健康征询与体格检查,重点筛查传染性疾病,可促使献血质量有效提高,确保血液使用安全,可避免浪费物力、人力。同时,加强无偿献血宣传,设立固定献血点,完善供血网络建设,避免医疗用血供需矛盾。Objective To analyze the current situation of unpaid blood donation in Jining City from 2017 to 2020,and provide a basis for medical blood use in Jining City.Methods The blood management data of Jining Blood Center from 2017 to 2020 were selected for analysis,the number of blood donations and the amount of blood donation were counted in detail,and the status of unpaid blood donation was analyzed.Results From 2017 to 2019,the total amount of blood donation continued to increase(140144 U,143010 U,148672 U);the total number of blood donations(79291 person-times,81922 person-times,84734 person-times);blood donation 400 mL(61723 person-times,61088 person-times,63938 person-times),blood donation 200 mL(17568 person-times,20834 person-times,20796 person-times),the number of people increased significantly.The rejection rate of blood testing was 1.03%in 2017,1.02%in 2018,the rejection rate of blood testing was 1.11%in 2019,and the rejection rate of blood testing was 0.77%in 2020.In February 2020,the amount of blood collected was significantly reduced(by 40%)due to special circumstances,and the amount of blood used after the hospital resumed diagnosis and treatment increased rapidly.Conclusion The unpaid blood donors in Jining City should carry out health consultation and physical examination before blood donation,focusing on screening for infectious diseases,which can effectively improve the quality of blood donation,ensure the safety of blood use,and avoid wasting material and manpower.At the same time,strengthen the publicity of unpaid blood donation,set up fixed blood donation points,improve the construction of blood supply network,and avoid conflicts between medical blood supply and demand.

关 键 词：无偿献血 血液质量 血液安全 医疗用血 济宁市 

分 类 号：R457[医药卫生—治疗学]