平衡模式早期心理干预对养老护理员焦虑和抑郁影响  

The effect of a balance model for early psychological intervention on anxiety and depression in caregivers of the elderly

作　　者：史瑞洁 刘晓燕 刘喜文 高丽 刘晓 王静 郎红娟 SHI Rui-jie;LIU Xiao-yan;LIU Xi-wen;GAO Li;LIU Xiao;WANG Jing;LANG Hong-juan(Department of Field and Disaster Nursing,Department of Nursing,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学护理系野战与灾害护理学教研室,陕西西安710032 [2]西安市未央区老年福利服务中心,陕西西安710016 [3]空军军医大学临床护理学教研室,陕西西安710032 [4]空军军医大学基础医学院五大队十七队,陕西西安710032 [5]空军军医大学护理系,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2021年第1期65-68,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2020SF-291);陕西省自然科学基础资助项目(2018JM7129)。

摘　　要：目的探讨平衡模式早期心理危机干预对养老护理员焦虑、抑郁的影响。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择234名养老护理员为研究对象。采用随机数表法分为对照组(116名)和干预组(118名)。对照组人群仅予常规心理危机干预;干预组人群在常规心理危机干预的基础上,进行平衡模式早期心理危机干预。分别于干预前后采用《焦虑自评量表》《抑郁自评量表》调查2组人群的焦虑和抑郁评分。结果对照组人群干预前、后焦虑得分分别为(43.0±6.8)和(40.1±6.3)分,抑郁得分分别为(45.4±12.0)和(42.7±11.4)分。干预组人群干预前、后焦虑得分分别为(43.5±6.5)和(38.4±5.6)分,抑郁得分分别为(46.9±6.0)和(39.8±5.6)分。干预前,2组人群的焦虑和抑郁得分分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。对照组人群干预后仅焦虑得分低于同组干预前(P<0.01);干预组干预后人群焦虑和抑郁得分均低于同组干预前(P值均<0.01)。干预后,干预组人群的焦虑、抑郁得分分别低于对照组(P值均<0.05)。结论平衡模式早期心理危机干预可有效缓解养老护理员焦虑和抑郁情绪。Objective To explore the effect of a balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention on anxiety and depression in caregivers of the elderly. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 234 caregivers for the elderly as the study subjects. A random number table method was used to divide them into a control group(116) and an intervention group(118). The control group was given conventional psychological crisis intervention;the intervention group received a balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention on the basis of conventional psychological crisis intervention. The anxiety and depression scores of the two groups were investigated before and after the intervention using the Anxiety Self-Rating Scale and Depression Self-Rating Scale, respectively. Results The anxiety scores of the control group were(43.0±6.8) and(40.1±6.3), and the depression scores were(45.4±12.0) and(42.7±11.4), before and after the intervention, respectively. The pre-and post-intervention scores were(43.5±6.5) and(38.4±5.6) for anxiety and(46.9±6.0) and(39.8±5.6) for depression in the intervention group, respectively. Before the intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the 2 groups were compared separately, and the difference was not statistically significant(all P>0.05). In the control group, only the anxiety score was lower than the pre-intervention score(P<0.01);in the intervention group, both the post-anxiety and post-depression scores were lower than the pre-intervention scores(all P<0.01). After the intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the caregivers in the intervention group were lower than those of the control group, respectively(all P<0.05). Conclusion The balanced model for early psychological crisis intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression in caregivers of the elderly.

关 键 词：心理干预 危机干预 焦虑 抑郁 养老护理员 平衡模式 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]