美洲黑杨表型和生理性状多样性及群体结构分析  

Phenotypic and physiological trait diversity and population structure of Populus deltoides

作　　者：陈存 丁昌俊[1] 黄秦军[1] 张静 刘宁[1] 李波 李政宏 苏晓华[1] Chen Cun;Ding Changjun;Huang Qinjun;Zhang Jing;Liu Ning;Li Bo;Li Zhenghong;Su Xiaohua(State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2021年第6期1-12,共12页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项重点项目子项目(CAFYBB2017ZA001-3)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于表型和生理性状对美洲黑杨种质资源的多样性和群体结构进行研究,为美洲黑杨种质资源的科学管理、高效利用和有效保护提供理论依据。【方法】对6个种源群体27个采样点的258个美洲黑杨无性系的1年生植株的22个表型和生理性状进行测定,通过方差分析、多重比较、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法研究美洲黑杨种质资源表型和生理性状的多样性和相关性、种源群体间的差异及分化水平、群体的遗传结构,采用模糊数学隶属函数的方法对无性系的表型和生理性状进行综合评价。【结果】美洲黑杨种质资源22个表型和生理性状的变异系数在0.56%~53.48%之间,茎段和根系生物量性状的变异较大,叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm)的变异最小;Shannon-Wiener指数在1.844~2.097之间;方差分析结果表明,除叶绿素荧光参数外,其他21个性状在种源群体内无性系间和种源群体间均存在极显著的差异(P<0.01),表型分化系数(Vst)在1.37%~31.40%之间。与生理性状相比,种源群体间表型性状表现出更大的遗传变异。相关性分析结果表明美洲黑杨植株的株高、地径、根系生物量、茎生物量、叶片生物量、净光合速率(Pn)、叶片形状和叶片碳、氮含量之间均存在较强的正相关关系,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)与植株生长量相关性状指标之间表现为负相关关系。通过主成分分析提取了5个主成分因子,累计贡献率达到80.51%。构建了表型生理性状评价模型,将美洲黑杨无性系分为优、良、中和差4个等级。基于种源群体间的平方欧式距离将6个种源群体划分为3类:位于南方密西西比河中下游流域的密苏里州(Mis)、田纳西州(Ten)与路易斯安那州(Lou)种源群体的无性系为一类;分布在密西西比河上游流域的艾奥瓦州(Iow)种源群体的无性系和圣劳伦斯河流域的魁北克省(Que)种源群体的无性系�[Objective]Based on phenotypic and physiological characters,the diversity and population structure of Populus deltoides germplasm resources were studied,which provided a theoretical basis for the scientific management,efficient use and effective protection of the resources.[Method]The phenotypic and physiological characters of one-year-old plants of 258 clones from 27 sampling sites of 6 provenances of P.deltoides were measured.The differences among provenances were studied by variance analysis and multiple comparisons.By correlation analysis and principal component analysis,the correlation between characters was studied and the phenotypic and physiological characters of clones were comprehensively evaluated.The genetic structure of P.deltoides population was studied by cluster analysis.[Result]The variation coefficients of 22 phenotypic and physiological traits of P.deltoides germplasm resources were between 0.56%and 53.48%,and the variation of stem and root biomass traits was large,the variation of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(Fv/Fm)was small.The Shannon-Wiener index ranged from 1.844 to2.097.The results of variance analysis showed that,except for the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,there were significant differences in other 21 traits among individuals and between provenances(P<0.01),and the coefficient of phenotypic differentiation(Vst)was between 1.37%and 31.40%.It was found that the phenotypic traits between provenances showed greater genetic variation than those of physiological traits.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were strong positive correlations among the plant height,ground diameter,root biomass,stem biomass,leaf biomass,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),leaf shape and leaf carbon and nitrogen content of P.deltoides,and the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)and transpiration rate(Tr)were negatively correlated with plant growth traits.Five principal component factors were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 80.51%.The evalu

关 键 词：美洲黑杨 表型 多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.43[农业科学—林学]