嘉兴市0~3岁儿童养育风险现状分析  

Analysis on the current situation of child rearing risks of 0-to 3-year-old children in Jiaxing City

作　　者：张莺[1] 李莉 李晶[1] 丁洁[1] 刘惠娟[1] 王箫 ZHANGYing;LI Li;LI Jing;DING Jie;LIU Hui-juan;WANG Xiao(Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314000,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市妇幼保健院,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2021年第6期678-681,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：嘉兴市科学技术局(2020AD30034)。

摘　　要：目的了解嘉兴市0~3岁婴幼儿养育风险现状及家庭养育中存在的问题,为婴幼儿家庭养育提供针对性的家庭养育建议。方法采用横断面调查方法,2020年6月1日-7月31日期间在嘉兴地区所有儿童保健门诊体检的0~3岁儿童为研究对象,家长现场用手机填写0~6、6~12、12~36月龄段《养育风险问卷》以及自拟的《家庭基本情况调查问卷》问卷星,根据风险因素给予家庭干预指导。结果共调查9 384例0~3岁婴幼儿家庭,养育风险筛查阳性率0~6月龄为30.48%,6~12月龄为39.11%,12~36月龄为45.63%。小于6月龄婴幼儿养育风险因素前三位的是儿童不吃母乳(10.61%)、家中玩具少于3个(8.34%)、儿童至少有2周新生儿期住院史(7.93%);6~12月龄婴幼儿养育风险因素前三位的为没有给儿童吃富含铁的食物(23.73%)、儿童有营养性疾病(9.64%)、儿童每天吃奶少于3次(6.53%);12~36月龄婴幼儿养育风险因素前三位的为儿童很少每天吃瘦肉或鸡蛋(22.46%)、家中没有图画书(14.85%)、每天很少跟儿童一起玩耍(9.87%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示父亲学历为高中大专、本科及以上(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.697~0.881;OR=0.701,95%CI:0.599~0.820);母亲学历为高中大专、本科及以上(OR=0.815,95%CI:0.724~0.917;OR=0.628,95%CI:0.539~0.732)是保护因素;性别男性为危险因素(OR=1.160,95%CI:1.066~1.262)。结论现阶段0~3岁婴幼儿普遍存在养育风险,各级专业人员亟需加强健康教育,指导家庭科学养育,规避家庭养育中可避免的风险,保障婴幼儿身心健康。Objective To know about the current situation of child rearing risks for 0-to 3-year-old children in Jiaxing City as well as the existing problems in family rearing, so as to provide appropriate parenting suggestions for the families with children aged 0 to 3 years. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to select children aged 0 to 3 years who took physical examination at all child health clinics in Jiaxing City from June 1 st to July 31 st, 2020 into this study. Parents used their mobile phones to fill in the Nursing Risk Questionnaire for 0~6, 6~12,12~36 months old children and the self-designed Family Basic Circumstances Questionnaire online. Family intervention guide was given according to the risk factors. Results A total of 9 384 families with 0-to 3-year-old children were investigated. The positive rate of parenting risk screening was 30.48% for 0-to 6-month-old infants, 39.11% for 6-to 12-month-old infants, and 45.63% for 12-to 36-month-old children. The top three parenting risk factors for infants younger than 6 months old included having no breast milk(10.61%), less than 3 toys at home(8.34%), and at least 2 weeks of neonatal hospitalization(7.93%). The top three parenting risk factors for 6-to 12-month-old infants included not giving the iron-rich food(23.73%), nutritional disease(9.64%), and having milk less than 3 times a day(6.53%). The top three parenting risk factors for children aged 12 to 36 months were rarely having lean meat or eggs everyday(22.46%), no picture books at home(14.85%), and rarely playing with children everyday(9.87%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the fathers with higher education level(high school or college, bachelor degree and above)(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.697—0.881;OR=0.701, 95%CI:0.599—0.820), mothers with higher education level(high school or college, bachelor degree and above)(OR=0.815, 95%CI:0.724—0.917;OR=0.628, 95%CI:0.539—0.732) were protective factors for positive parenting risk, while male children may have a higher risk for poor

关 键 词：婴幼儿 养育风险 家庭养育 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]