2012—2019年上海市浦东新区常见呼吸道冠状病毒分子流行特征研究  

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory coronavirus in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2012-2019

作　　者：崔琪奇 张雪纯 袁洋[1] 刘青[1] 郝莉鹏 潘丽峰[1,2] CUI Qi-qi;ZHANG Xue-chun;YUAN Yang;LIU Qing;HAO Li-peng;PAN Li-feng(Microbiology Laboratory,Pudong Center for Control and Prevention,Shanghai,200136,China;Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Fudan University,Shanghai,200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心微生物实验室,上海200136 [2]复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第8期1044-1047,1051,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家科技重大专项—基于社区人群的自然疫源性传染病发病和流行水平研究(2018ZX10713001008);上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心“新星计划”人才培养项目(PDCDC-XX2020-03);上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心“后备学科带头人”人才培养项目(PDCDC-HBXD2020-04)。

摘　　要：目的了解2012—2019年上海市浦东新区常见呼吸道感染冠状病毒(HCoV)的分子流行特征。方法 2012年1月—2019年12月,对区内11家医疗机构采集的呼吸道样本使用多重PCR方法检测冠状病毒及其他7种呼吸道病毒,并分析其流行病学特点。结果 2012—2019年,共采集9 872例呼吸道样本,检出呼吸道病毒阳性标本4 000例(40.52%),流感病毒(17.27%,1 705/9 872)、鼻病毒(5.69%,562/9 872)和副流感病毒(4.18%,413/9 872)是检出的主要呼吸道病毒。冠状病毒共检出406例(4.11%,406/9 872),4种冠状病毒的构成比分别为32.76%(OC43,133/406)、33.00%(NL63,134/406)、27.34%(229E,111/406)和6.40%(HKU1,26/406)。冠状病毒感染以<10及≥50岁人群为主。冠状病毒检出率随人口密集程度呈沿江、中部和沿海3个片区依次递减的趋势。冠状病毒呈低全年散发状态,春夏出现流行高峰,气温与HCoV的流行呈弱相关(r=0.21,P<0.05)。结论冠状病毒是上海市浦东新区发热呼吸道感染人群中主要病毒性病原,应强化重点人群的防控知识宣传教育,减少人群聚集,避免因冠状病毒引起的聚集性疫情发生。Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of common human coronavirus(HCoV) among patients with respiratory syndrome in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2012-2019. Methods From January 2012 to December 2019,samples were collected from 11 medical institutions in the area and detected with multiplex PCR for HCoV and other seven respiratory viruses,and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Results From 2012-2019,a total of 9 872 samples were detected and 4 000(40.52%) cases were positive with respiratory viruses. The most commonly detected virus were influenza virus(17.27%,1705/9 872),rhinovirus(5.69%,562/9 872) and parainfluenza virus(4.18%,413/9 872). There were 406 cases of HCoV(4.11%,406/9 872),and the constituent ratio of four types was 32.76%( OC43, 133/406), 33. 00 %(NL63,134/406),27.34%(229 E,111/406) and 6.40%(HKU1,26/406),respectively. The HCoV infection cases were mainly in people <10 and ≥50 years old.The HCoV infection rate was decreased with population density of three areas(along the river,central and coastal areas). The epidemic of HCoV showed sporadic state throughout the year. The peak appeared spring and summer,while there was weak positive correlation between temperature and HCoV epidemic(r=0.21,P<0.05). Conclusion HCoV is the main viral pathogen in patients with fever and respiratory tract infection in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about HCoV prevention and control in the key population,reduce population aggregation and avoid aggregation epidemic caused by HCoV.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 冠状病毒 检测 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]