基于GIS和RS的山东日照海岸带1988—2018年间演化分析  

Spatial-temporal evolution analysis of Rizhao coastal zone during 1988—2018 based on GIS and RS

作　　者：苗苗 谢小平[1] MIAO Miao;XIE Xiaoping(School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,日照276826

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2021年第2期237-247,共11页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所)开放基金项目“四川盆地东北部三叠-侏罗纪之交古环境变化与沉积响应”(编号:183126);国家自然科学基金项目“龙门山地区涪江上游晚新生代水系演化与新构造响应研究”(编号:41072164)共同资助。

摘　　要：海岸带变迁过程的研究可为海岸带的开发提供科学依据。利用遥感和地理信息系统技术和Landsat、数字高程模型、潮汐数据,提取山东省日照市海岸带1988年、1998年、2008年和2018年海岸带数据,并对海岸线分布、海岸带时空变化及土地利用状况、河口区动态演变进行分析,研究发现:①1988—2018年间海岸线总体呈增长趋势,共增长49.17 km,其中1998—2008年间海岸线增长速度最快,为2.24 km/a,海岸线分布以人工海岸线和砂质海岸线为主;②1988—2018年间海岸带土地利用变化主要表现为建设用地面积及其比重持续增加,由213.77 km^(2)增加到413.93 km^(2),而耕地/草地面积及其比重减少,由445.50 km^(2)减少到287.03 km^(2),总体趋势是大量耕地/草地转为建设用地;③河口区是海岸带冲淤变化最为突出的地方,1988—1998年河口受到侵蚀,河口海岸线后退;1998—2008年河口区保持相对稳定;2008—2018年河口向海淤积,海岸线向海推进。总体来说,海岸带向陆地方向的变化受地貌类型、河流输沙量以及人工采沙等因素的影响,向海方向的变化与泥沙堆积及临海开发活动有关。研究结论可为日照海岸带的规划和管理提供参考。With the implementation of the National Marine Strategy and the deepening of coastal zone development in coastal areas,it is necessary to study the coastal zone evolution as well as monitor and protect the coastal zone,which will provide a reasonable basis for coastal zone development.In this paper,remote sensing(RS)and(geographic information system,GIS)technology,Landsat,(digital elevation model,DEM)and tidal data were used to extract coastal zone data of Rizhao City in 1988,1998,2008 and 2018,and analyze the coastline distribution characteristics,the spatio-temporal distribution and land use status of coastal zone and dynamic evolution of estuary.The results are as follows:Firstly,the coastline of Rizhao showed an overall growth trend from 1988 to 2018,with a total increase of 52.7 km;The period of 1998—2008 experienced the fastest coastline growing,with the growth rate being 0.68 km/a.The distribution of coastline was dominated by sandy coastline and artificial coastline.Secondly,the land use change in the coastal zone was manifested in the continuous increase of the construction land area,with its proportion from 213.77 km^(2) to 413.93 km^(2),while the farmland/grassland area and its proportion decreased from 445.50 km^(2) to 287.03 km^(2).The overall trend was that a large amount of cultivated land/grassland was converted to construction land.Thirdly,the estuary was a place where the change of coastal erosion and deposition was the most prominent.The estuary was eroded and the estuarine shoreline retreated from 1988 to 1998.The estuary remained relatively stable from 1998 to 2008.The estuary silted up to the sea and the coastline grew seaward from 2008 to 2018.In general,changes in the landward direction of the coastal zone are affected by geomorphic types,sea level rise,sediment discharge,artificial sand mining and some other factors.Changes in the seaward direction are related to sediment accumulation,establishment of breeding areas and ports,reclamation and other coastal development activities.The conc

关 键 词：海岸带 演化过程 遥感 地理系信息系统 日照市 山东省 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]