新冠疫情期间美国对中国索赔诉讼的法律思考--兼议国家豁免权的适用  

Legal Reflections on the US Claims against China during the COVID-19 Epidemic--A Discuss of the Application of National Immunity

作　　者：左荣昌 ZUO Rongchang(Police Training Corps,Public Security Department of Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Police College,Nanchang 330100,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省公安厅警察训练总队江西警察学院,江西南昌330100

出　　处：《济宁学院学报》2021年第3期75-80,共6页Journal of Jining University

摘　　要：新冠疫情在美国爆发后,中国遭到了美国民间和部分州政府并无事实依据且有违国家主权豁免国际法的基本准则和美国《外国主权豁免法》规则的双重索赔诉讼。为获得对中国索赔和强制执行的法律依据,美国法院强行判决使得美国国会再次修法创设豁免例外的风险也在上升。我国在必要时可利用国际法争端解决中的外交对等原则实行等量报复,并加快制定我国的《外国主权豁免法》以反制海外对中国的滥诉,以维护我国的长远国家利益。After the outbreak of COVID-19 in the US,China has been subject to the double claim litigation of the United States civil society and some state governments,which has no factual basis and violates the basic norms of international law on national sovereign immunity and the rules of the foreign sovereign immunity act of the United States.In order to obtain the legal basis for China’s claim and enforcement,the risk of US court’s forcible judgment or US Congress’s re amending the law to create exemption exception is also on the rise.When necessary,China can take advantage of the principle of diplomatic reciprocity in the dispute settlement of international law to carry out equal retaliation,and speed up the formulation of China’s"foreign sovereign immunity law"to counter the abuse of overseas lawsuits against China and safeguard China’s long-term national interests.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 主权豁免 非法扣押 等量报复 国际卫生条例 

分 类 号：DF90[政治法律—国际法学]