对流层与下平流层大气重力波的气候及差异特征研究——以太原为例  

Study on the Climatic and Discriminative Characteristics of Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Gravity Wave of Taiyuan

作　　者：程胡华 赵亮[2] 武帅 李娟 蔡其发 CHENG Huhua;ZHAO Liang;WU Shuai;LI Juan;CAI Qifa(63729 Troops of Chinese People's Liberation Army,Taiyuan 030027,Shanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmosphere Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;32021 Troops of PLA,Beijin g 100094,China;61741 Troops of PLA,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]163729部队,山西太原030027 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室(LASG),北京100029 [3]32021部队,北京100094 [4]61741部队,北京100094

出　　处：《高原气象》2021年第3期590-602,共13页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然基金重大项目(41790471);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA17010105);国家自然科学基金项目(42075040);国家自然科学联合基金重点项目(U2033207)。

摘　　要：大气重力波对全球大气的动力、热力结构具有重要影响,研究重力波参数气候特征是研制全球大气模式中重力波参数化的一个重要环节,通过引入重力波的影响,有利于提高大气模式的预报能力。本文利用2014-2017年太原地区(112.55°E,37.78°N)高垂直分辨率探空资料,对其对流层(2~9 km)、下平流层(17~24 km)大气重力波参数的气候特征及其之间差异特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)在1-12月,相对于对流层,下平流层的平均重力波水平波长、周期、固有相速、能量上传百分比均偏大,垂直波长均偏小,但群速在2月、5-9月偏大,其他月份偏小;(2)对流层与下平流层之间的重力波参数偏差、绝对差较大,相关性弱;(3)对流层、下平流层的重力波参数及其之间的偏差,在不同区间范围内的占有率分布特征存在明显差异;通过研究太原地区上空对流层、下平流层大气重力波参数的气候及其之间差异特征,进一步补充了中国区域的大气重力波参数气候特征,有利于研制更适合中国区域数值预报模式的重力波参数化方案。Atmospheric gravity waves have a significant effect on the dynamic and thermal structure of the global atmosphere. Studying the climatic characteristic of gravity wave parameters constitute an important part of the parameterization of gravity waves in the development of a global atmospheric model. By introducing the effect of gravity waves are conducive to improve the forecasting ability of the atmospheric model. In this paper,based on the high-vertical resolution sounding data of Taiyuan(112. 55°E,37. 78°N)from 2014 to 2017,a study is conducted on the climatic characteristics of the atmospheric gravity wave parameters of the troposphere(2~9 km)and lower stratosphere(17~24 km)and their differences in between. The results show that:(1)From January to December,compared with the troposphere,the average gravity wave horizontal wavelength,period,horizontal phase velocity and fraction of upgoing energy are larger in the lower stratosphere,the gravity wave vertical wavelength is smaller;moreover,gravity wave ground-based horizontal group velocity in lower stratosphere is higher in February and from May to September and lower in other months;(2)Gravity wave parameters in the troposphere and lower stratosphere show larger deviation and absolute difference,and weak correlation;(3)Gravity wave parameters in the troposphere and lower stratosphere and their deviation in between show significant difference in their occupancy distribution within different ranges. By studying the climatic characteristics of gravity wave parameters in the troposphere and lower stratosphere over Taiyuan,and characteristics of their differences are further supplemented the climatic characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave parameters in China;it is beneficial to the development of a parameterization scheme that is more suitable for the Chinese regional numerical prediction model.

关 键 词：重力波 对流层 下平流层 气候特征 

分 类 号：P432[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]