低磷饲料中补充柠檬酸对大口黑鲈生长和营养物质利用率的影响  

Effects of citric acid supplementation in low phosphorus diets on growth and nutrient utilization of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：王璞 喻一峰 李小勤[1,2,3] 徐禛 冀东 杨品贤 何明[1,2,3] 冷向军[1,2,3] WANG Pu;YU Yifeng;LI Xiaoqin;XU Zhen;JI Dong;YANG Pinxian;HE Ming;LENG Xiangjun(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2021年第3期475-483,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900203);水产动物遗传育种协同创新基金(D-8006-13-0025)。

摘　　要：为了探究饲料中添加柠檬酸对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长、营养物质利用和氮(N)、磷(P)排放的影响,分别配制磷酸二氢钙(MCP)添加量为5、10(低磷饲料)、15 g/kg(对照饲料)的3组饲料(P5,P10,P15),在低磷饲料P5和P10中分别添加10 g/kg的柠檬酸,共5组实验饲料。投喂初始体质量为(16.0±0.16)g的大口黑鲈60 d。结果显示,随着MCP添加量的增加,大口黑鲈增重率、全鱼磷含量、粗蛋白沉积率、磷消化率、椎骨磷和血浆磷含量均显著增加(P<0.05),N排放量和全鱼粗脂肪含量显著下降(P<0.05),且均在P15组达到最佳水平。在P5饲料中添加柠檬酸,显著提高了鱼体增重率(+5.6%)和血浆磷含量,降低了饲料系数(-0.05)和N排放量(P<0.05),达到了和P10组基本一致的水平(P>0.05);在P10饲料中添加柠檬酸,在数值上改善了生长性能(P>0.05),达到了和P15组基本一致的水平(P>0.05)。此外,在P5和P10饲料中补充柠檬酸,均显著提高了磷消化率,降低了P排放量(P<0.05)。综上所述,在低磷饲料中添加10 g/kg的柠檬酸可改善大口黑鲈生长、提高饲料和磷的利用率。The effects of citric acid supplementation in diets were evaluated on the growth,nutrient utilization,and nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)secretion of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).Three diets were prepared with the addition of monocalcium phosphate(MCP)at 5,10(low-P diets),and 15 g/kg(positive control)(P5,P10,P15),then 10 g/kg of citric acid was added into the two low-P diets of P5 and P10.The five diets were fed to juvenile fish[initial body weight(16.0±0.16)g]for 60 days.The results showed that the weight gain(WG),whole body P,crude protein retention,P digestibility,vertebral P and plasma P significantly increased,and N excretion,whole body crude lipid decreased with the increasing MCP level(P<0.05);P15 group showed the best performance among all the groups.The addition of citric acid in P5 diet significantly increased WG(+5.6%)and serum P level,and reduced FCR(-0.05)and N excretion(P<0.05),which reached the similar levels to the P10 group(P>0.05).The addition of citric acid in P10 diet numerically improved the growth performance with similar levels to the P15 group(P>0.05).The supplementation of citric acid in both P5 and P10 diets significantly promoted P digestibility and reduced P excretion(P<0.05).In summary,the addition in 10 g/kg citric acid in low-P diets can improve the growth and the utilization of P and diet in largemouth bass.

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 柠檬酸 磷酸二氢钙 消化率 磷利用 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]