中国肉用西门塔尔牛场间遗传联系分析  

The Genetic Connectedness Analysis among Different Chinese Simmental Beef Cattle Farms

作　　者：周姵诺 蔡文涛 陈燕[1] 张路培[1] 徐凌洋[1] 高雪[1] 高会江[1,2] 王泽昭 朱波 李俊雅[1,2] ZHOU Peinuo;CAI Wentao;CHEN Yan;ZHANG Lupei;XU Lingyang;GAO Xue;GAO Huijiang;WANG Zezhao;ZHU Bo;LI Junya(Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;National Center of Beef Cattle Genetic Evaluation,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]国家肉牛遗传评估中心,北京100193

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2021年第6期1563-1570,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31802049,31672384);肉牛产业技术体系岗位科学家经费(CARS-37);中国农业科学院创新工程(ASTIP-IAS03,CAAS-XTCX2016010);中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所基本科研业务费(2019-YWF-YTS-11)。

摘　　要：旨在加快中国肉用西门塔尔牛的遗传进展,实现全国范围内的联合育种。本研究利用全国38家育种场和公牛站在2000—2019年出生的3 991头肉用西门塔尔牛初生重性状,使用DMU软件对场间关联率进行计算。对各场站划分关联组,并比较单场和关联组内的遗传力和估计育种值(estimated breeding value, EBV)的预测准确性。结果表明,中国肉用西门塔尔牛全国平均关联率为1.91%,大部分场间关联率处于较低水平。依据关联率可划分出两个关联组,分别包括6个和8个场,组内平均关联率分别为11.23%和12.54%。对两个关联组分别进行单场和联合估计,单场估计初生重的遗传力范围为0.32~0.44,关联组1的初生重遗传力为0.47,关联组2的初生重遗传力为0.43。两个关联组单场估计EBV的平均准确性分别为0.47和0.45,联合估计EBV的平均准确性分别为0.61和0.56。联合估计较单场估计EBV的准确性有明显提高。依据关联率划分关联组进行联合育种有利于加快中国肉用西门塔尔牛的育种进程。为推进中国肉用西门塔尔牛的育种进程,应先形成区域性联合育种,再逐步加强遗传联系,形成全国范围内的遗传关联体系。The purpose of this study was to accelerate the genetic progress of Chinese Simmental beef cattle and realize nationwide joint breeding. The birth weight traits of 3 991 Chinese Simmental beef cattle born from 2000 to 2019 at 38 beef breeding farms and bull stations in China was used to calculate the connectedness rate between farms by DMU software. And the predicted accuracy of estimated breeding value(EBV) and heritability was compared between single-farm and connectedness group. This study found that the national average connectedness rate of Chinese Simmental beef cattle was 1.91%, there was a low connectedness rate between the most farms. According to the connectedness rate, two connectedness groups were divided, which included 6 and 8 farms, respectively. The average connectedness rates within the two groups were 11.23% and 12.54%, respectively. The range of heritability for birth weight in single-farm evaluation was 0.32-0.44. The heritability of joint evaluation group-1 and group-2 were 0.47 and 0.43, respectively. The average accuracy of estimated breeding value in the single-farm evaluation of group 1 and group 2 was 0.47 and 0.45, respectively. The average accuracy of estimated breeding value in the joint evaluation of group 1 and group 2 was 0.61 and 0.56, respectively. The accuracy of estimated breeding value in joint evaluation was obviously higher than that in single-farm evaluation. Dividing the joint evaluation groups according to the connectedness rate for joint breeding is beneficial to speed up the breeding process of Chinese Simmental beef cattle. In order to promote the breeding process of Chinese Simmental beef cattle, regional joint breeding should be formed first, and then genetic association should be gradually strengthened to form a nationwide genetic association system.

关 键 词：中国肉用西门塔尔牛 关联率 初生重 联合育种 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]