气候变化下新疆棉花调亏灌溉的节水效果评估  

Evaluation of Water-saving Effect of Cotton Regulated Deficit Irrigation Under Climate Change in Xinjiang

作　　者：王灵猛 周泽羽 刘健[1,2] 金继明 WANG Ling-meng;ZHOU Ze-yu;LIU Jian;JIN Ji-ming(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第6期17-23,30,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571030)。

摘　　要：调亏灌溉是一种在新疆棉花生产中具有广泛应用前景的节水灌溉方法,然而其在气候变化背景下的节水效果尚有待评估。在新疆早熟和早中熟植棉区各选一个代表站点,利用Crop Growth(CROPGRO)-Cotton棉花模型和3个大气环流模式生成的未来气候数据,设置充分和调亏灌溉2组试验,模拟了1999–2018年、2041–2060年和2081–2100年新疆棉花生产,并通过模拟结果评估调亏灌溉在不显著影响新疆棉花籽棉产量情况下的节水效果。研究结果表明:调亏灌溉可以有效提高新疆棉花水分生产力,节省灌溉用水量,其最优灌溉用水量较充分灌溉可节约5%~28%的灌溉量;为了在不显著减少籽棉产量的情况下尽量减少新疆棉花生产耗水量,需要不断优化调亏灌溉策略以适应气候变化。研究结果可为实现新疆棉花可持续生产提供科学参考。Regulated deficit irrigation is a water-saving irrigation method with wide application prospect in Xinjiang cotton production.However,its water-saving effect under climate change has yet to be evaluated.In this study,representative stations were selected in the early-maturity and early-middle-maturity cotton planting areas in Xinjiang,and full irrigation and regulated deficit irrigation tests were set by using Crop Growth(CROPGRO)-cotton model and future climate data generated by three general circulation models.Cotton production in Xinjiang during 1999-2018,2041-2060 and 2081-2100 was simulated,and the water saving effect of regulated deficit irrigation was evaluated with the simulation results under the condition that the seed cotton yield in Xinjiang was not significantly affected.The results showed that regulated deficit irrigation could effectively improve cotton water productivity and save irrigation water consumption in Xinjiang,and the optimal strategy of regulated deficit irrigation could save 5%~28%irrigation amount compared with full irrigation.In order to minimize the water consumption of cotton production in Xinjiang without significantly reducing the seed cotton yield,it is necessary to continuously optimize the regulated deficit irrigation strategy to adapt to climate change.The research results can provide scientific reference for cotton sustainable production in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：调亏灌溉 气候变化 棉花 CROPGRO-Cotton模型 水分亏缺 水分胁迫 控制灌溉 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S562[农业科学—农业工程]