灌区农业平衡水价理论及实证分析  

Theory and Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Equilibrium Water Price in Irrigation District

作　　者：孔强 谢晓彤 KONG Qiang;XIE Xiao-tong(Shijiazhuang Yehe Irrigation Service Center,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Shijiazhuang Water Resources Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市冶河灌区服务中心,石家庄050000 [2]石家庄市水利局,石家庄050000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第6期87-92,96,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

摘　　要：该研究旨在实现政府、农户、水管单位之间成本与获益的平衡,为灌区农业水价测定、综合效益评价提供参考。在分析灌区农业用水主体成本和获益基础上,按公平、均衡原则对成本进行合理分摊,依据各自收益,从多维度平衡视角,分别对政府投资、农户灌水成本和真实获益进行量化推导,得出了水价计算公式和约束条件。以冶河灌区为例,采用与区域降水周期相一致、70%频率的理论计量水量,分类计算了节水投资收益和不同作物灌溉水价,验证了平衡水价理论和测算方法。实例证明,该理论较符合灌区农业供水实际,依此理论确定农业水价,有助于控制水管单位运管成本,提升农户节水意识,促进灌区实现收支平衡。The purpose of this study is to balance the cost and benefit among the government,farmers and water management company,so as to provide reference for the determination of agricultural water price and the evaluation of comprehensive benefit in irrigation district.Based on the analysis of the main cost and benefit of agricultural water use in irrigation district,the cost was reasonably allocated according to the principles of fairness and balance.According to the respective benefits,the quantitative derivation of government investment,irrigation cost and real benefit of farmers was carried out from the perspective of multi-dimensional balance,and the formula of water price calculation and constraint conditions were obtained.Taking Yehe Irrigation district as an example,this paper calculated the income of watersaving investment and the price of irrigation water for different crops by classification,and verified the theory and calculation method of balanced water price by using the theoretical water quantity with the frequency of 70%,which was consistent with the regional precipitation cycle.The example proves that this theory objectively reflects the actual agricultural water supply in the irrigation district,and the determination of agricultural water price according to this theory is helpful to stabilize the grain production in the irrigation district,control the water manage cost,enhance the awareness of water-saving of farmers,and promote the realization of the balance of income and expenditure in the irrigation district.

关 键 词：灌区平衡水价 供水成本 水价 成本分摊 田间水利用系数 渠系水利用系数 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV93[农业科学—农业工程]