铝/铜异种材料交变磁场辅助电弧熔钎焊接头组织和性能  

Microstructures and Properties of Aluminum/Copper Joint Obtained by Arc Welding-brazing with Assistance of Alternating Magnetic Field

作　　者：王龙 胡德安[1] 陈益平[1] 程东海[1] 江淑园[1] WANG Long;HU De'an;CHEN Yiping;CHENG Donghai;JIANG Shuyuan(School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第12期12119-12122,共4页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51865034)。

摘　　要：添加纵向交变间歇磁场,采用ER5356铝镁焊丝作为填充金属,对T2紫铜板和2A16铝合金板进行熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG焊)对接试验,通过研究不同励磁电流IE和励磁频率f等磁场参数下的接头成形、界面组织结构和接头力学性能,得到接头的最佳工艺范围。结果表明:引入磁场实现了铝铜异种材料MIG熔钎焊接头的有效连接。铜侧钎缝连接界面层由金属间化合物(IMC)层和过渡层组成,其中IMC层为AlCu+Al_(2)Cu化合物,过渡层组织为α-Al+S(Al_(2)CuMg)/Al_(2)Cu相。IMC层与过渡层犬牙交错,起到“机械咬合”的效果,提高接头强度。随着励磁电流的增加,IMC层平均厚度先减小后增大,抗拉强度先增大后减小;随着励磁频率的增加,抗拉强度逐渐减小。最佳工艺范围为:IE=0.5~0.7 A、f=15~25 Hz、IMC层平均厚度d=14.3~15.8μm,此时接头成形表现良好,抗拉强度较高。当IE=0.6 A,f=15 Hz,接头的抗拉强度最高达到135.47 MPa。此时界面层显微硬度为252.8HV,明显高于焊缝和母材,这可能是IMC层处呈脆硬性的AlCu和Al_(2)Cu金属间化合物所致。Adding longitudinal alternating intermittent magnetic field,using ER5356 aluminum magnesium welding wire as filler metal,the butt welding of T2 copper plate and 2A16 aluminum alloy plate was carried out,by studying the joint forming,interface structure and mechanical properties under different excitation current I E and excitation frequency f,the optimum technological range of the joint is obtained.The results show that the alternative intermittent magnetic field is introduced to realize the effective connection of the dissimilar materials of aluminum and copper.The copper side welding-brazing joint interface layer is composed of IMC layer and transition layer,among them,IMC layer is AlCu and Al_(2)Cu phase,and the transition layer isα-Al+S(Al_(2)CuMg)/Al_(2)Cu phase.IMC layer and transition layer are crisscross,which has the effect of“mechanical occlusion”and improves the joint strength.With the increase of excitation current,the average thickness of IMC layer first decreases and then increases,and the tensile strength first increases and then decreases;with the increase of excitation frequency,the tensile strength decreases gradually.The best process range is:I E=0.5—0.7 A,f=15—25 Hz,the average thickness of IMC layer d=14.3—15.8μm,the forming perfor-mance of the joint is good,and the tensile strength is high.When I E=0.6 A,f=15 Hz,the highest tensile strength of the joint is 135.47 MPa.The microhardness of interface layer is 252.8HV,which is significantly higher than that of weld and base metal,this may be due to the brittle and hard intermetallic compounds of AlCu and Al_(2)Cu in IMC layer.

关 键 词：纵向交变间歇磁场 励磁电流 励磁频率 金属间化合物 机械咬合 

分 类 号：TG444.74[金属学及工艺—焊接]