量子力学本科教学演示仪之量子真空场测量  

Demonstration instrument for vacuum measurement

作　　者：吴媛[1] 郭超修 尹亚玲[1] 陈丽清[1] WU Yuan;GUO Chao-xiu;YIN Ya-ling;CHEN Li-qing(School of Physics and Electronic Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院物理实验教学中心,上海200241

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第7期38-40,46,共4页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11874152);上海市科技英才扬帆计划(19YF1414300)资助。

摘　　要：“真空不空”是量子力学区别于经典物理的一个重要内容.这主要是因为真空场的能量小到无法直接测量,通常需要基于平衡零拍探测的量子实验装置进行测量.然而现阶段的大学物理实验教学中缺乏该实验装置,导致学生无法直观理解这一量子力学的基本概念.针对这一问题,本文设计并搭建了基于平衡零拍探测的真空场测量仪,通过光学放大的过程实现真空场起伏的测量.该实验教学仪原理简单,现象直观,操作容易且便于维护,弥补了大学物理中量子力学实验的空白,实现前沿物理在大学物理教学中的拓展.The difference between quantum mechanics and classical physics is that the energy of the vacuum is not zero.Normally,due to the small energy,it is hard to measure the vacuum field directly only when the quantum measurement,such as homodyne detection,is used.Meanwhile,there is a lack of the experimental demonstration based on quantum measurement in college physics,which makes the theory of quantum mechanics hard to be understanded.In this paper,a demonstration instrument for vacuum measurement based on homodyne detection is proposed.This instrument is simple in principle,intuitive in phenomenon,easy to operate and maintain.It makes up for the blank of quantum mechanics experiment in college physics,which realizes the expansion of frontier physics in college physics teaching.

关 键 词：量子力学 平衡零拍探测 量子真空 真空场测量 

分 类 号：O43[机械工程—光学工程]