超疏水薄膜表面结构及其制备工艺的研究进展  

Progress on the Surface Structure and Preparation of SuperhydrophobicFilms

作　　者：李大玉[1] 梁中阳 杜娇娇 张超[1] LI Da-yu;LIANG Zhong-yang;DU Jiao-jiao;ZHANG Chao(College of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《广州化学》2021年第3期1-11,共11页Guangzhou Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51602279);扬州大学“高端人才”项目;江苏省青蓝工程项目(2020)。

摘　　要：综述了可以用于低温下(<200℃)制备超疏水表面膜层的工艺方法,首先介绍了常见超疏水膜层的表面结构特征和物理特性,并对其表面特殊结构调控的必要性进行分析,接着从薄膜制备工艺的分类方法的角度论述了常用制备超疏水表面薄膜的工艺方法并对其进行优缺点分析总结,最后论述了超疏水表面薄膜在工业上的实用性。其中重点关注了可以用于在低温下制备超疏水表面膜层时可选取的材料体系以及薄膜的表面结构要求,并对多种合成工艺和方法的优劣性进行了分析和评价,最后提出了低温下制备高性能超疏水表面薄膜的技术领域中仍存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。The super-hydrophobic surface film has a unique performance in terms of wetting characteristics,and has broad application prospects in many industries.Among them,the preparation process of super-hydrophobic film and the control technology of surface structure often limit the selection and use performance of the substrate.Excessive process temperature(>200℃)will generally cause the destruction of the substrate or the transformation of the crystal structure of the material(For example,some polymer materials will melt and deform or lose their function at this temperature.),which is not conducive to the application and performance improvement of the film.Therefore,it is of great significance to study films that can cover on the surface of the substrate in a low temperature environment to achieve super-hydrophobic properties,especially films that can cover materials commonly used in the industry.This article mainly reviews the process methods that can be used to prepare superhydrophobic surface coatings at low temperatures.First,the surface structure and physical properties of common superhydrophobic coatings are introduced,and the need for special surface structure control is analyzed.From the perspective of the classification method of the preparation process,the common preparation methods of super-hydrophobic surface films are discussed and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized.Finally,the industrial practicability of super-hydrophobic surface films is discussed.It focuses on the material systems that can be used to prepare super-hydrophobic surface films at low temperatures and the surface structure requirements of the film,followed by the analyzing and evaluating of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis processes and methods.(We will discuss it from the cost,controllability,and the efficiency of each process,together with that whether it meets the needs of the times,etc.)It finally puts forward the existing problems in the technical field of preparing high-performance su

关 键 词：超疏水 薄膜 结构原理 低表面能 低温工艺 

分 类 号：TG147[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]