下丘脑的代谢与能量平衡调控功能研究进展  

Hypothalamic Regulation of Metabolism and Energy Balance

作　　者：苏志洁 王炳蔚[1] 刘佳瑞 张健维 孙正 刘迪[3] 李晶[3] 郑瑞茂[1,4,5,6] SU Zhi-Jie;WANG Bing-Wei;LIU Jia-Rui;ZHANG Jian-Wei;SUN Zheng;LIU Di;LI Jing;ZHENG Rui-Mao(Department of Anatomy,Histology and Embryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Peking University;Department of Medicine,Division of Endocrinology,Diabetes,and Metabolism,Baylor College of Medicine,Houston,Texas,USA;Department of Laboratory Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital;Neuroscience Research Institute,Peking University;Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of Ministry of Education;Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系 [2]Department of Medicine,Division of Endocrinology,Diabetes,and Metabolism,Baylor College of Medicine,Houston,Texas,USA [3]北京大学第三医院检验科 [4]北京大学神经科学研究所 [5]教育部神经科学重点实验室 [6]国家卫生健康委员会神经科学重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《生理科学进展》2021年第3期161-168,共8页Progress in Physiological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81471064,81670779,81870590);北京市自然科学基金(7162097);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700402);北京大学优秀青年人才引进计划科研启动基金(BMU20140366);京津冀基础研究合作项目基金(H2018206641)资助课题。

摘　　要：下丘脑是调控代谢稳态与能量平衡的关键脑区,对摄食、营养素代谢、机体水平衡、基础代谢、体温、生理节律等代谢相关功能发挥核心调控作用,维系机体异化作用与同化作用平衡。近年来,随着神经科学技术的发展,下丘脑参与代谢调控的神经核团、神经通路、及其机理被深入研究,并揭示出一系列重要的新发现。这些新发现,对深入理解肥胖及相关代谢疾病发病机制具重要意义。值得注意的是,下丘脑功能失调,与肥胖、二型糖尿病等代谢疾病发病密切相关。本文综述近年来有关下丘脑调控代谢和能量平衡研究进展,以期深入了解下丘脑调控代谢和能量平衡的神经与分子机制,并为相关疾病的诊疗提供新信息。Hypothalamus is a key brain region for central regulation of metabolic homeostasis and energy balance,and it plays pivotal roles in regulations of nutrition metabolism,food intake,water homoeostasis,basal metabolism,body temperature,circadian rhythm,and the maintenance of balance between catabolism and anabolism.In the recent years,emerging technologies in the fields of neuroscience and metabolism boost the discoveries of novel hypothalamic nuclei and neural pathways,which profoundly contribute to understanding of the hypothalamic regulation of metabolism,as well as the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.Notably,the dysfunction of hypothalamus is vitally associated with the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and other metabolic disorders.In this review,the studies on the roles of hypothalamus in the regulation of metabolism are summarized with an emphasis on progress made during the recent years for providing insights into the mechanism by which hypothalamus regulates the metabolic homeostasis and energy balance,and the novel therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.

关 键 词：下丘脑 代谢调控 神经通路 肥胖症 

分 类 号：R33[医药卫生—人体生理学] Q42[医药卫生—基础医学]