新型深海矿产开发模式的探讨  

Discussion on Development Mode of New Deep-Sea Mineral

作　　者：童波[1] 刘学勤[1] 任铁[1] TONG Bo;LIU Xue-qin;REN Tie(Marine Design&Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011

出　　处：《船舶》2021年第3期1-7,共7页Ship & Boat

摘　　要：该文瞄准深海采矿技术发展前沿,从矿产开发模式顶层体系出发,阐述了目前水面采矿船集成矿浆水力提升管和自行式集矿机一体化模式的技术特点与挑战。针对深海矿产开采中难以解决的水面与水下系统串联可靠性,以及恶劣海况作业、能耗与经济性、应急解脱等技术难题,提出水面分布式和水下分布式矿产开发创新模式,介绍2种模式的概念方案;建议以采、输、储一体化模式为依托,开展深海矿产开发全流程工程化演示验证,并推动水面分布式和水下分布式矿产开发等颠覆性技术研究,形成全天候、高产量、低能耗、环保和智能的矿产开发系统。The technical characteristics and challenges of the current integrated mode of the integrated pulp hydraulic riser and the self-propelled mineral collector for surface mining vessels are described from the top-level system mode of the mineral development aiming at the development frontier of the deep-sea mining technology.The innovative modes of the surface distributed and underwater distributed mineral development are proposed for the technical problems that are diffi cult to solve in the mining of the polymetallic nodules,such as the surface and underwater system series reliability,operation in the severe sea conditions,energy consumption and economy and emergency release.The conceptual scheme,main system confi guration and the key technical indicators of the two modes are introduced.It is suggested that the engineering demonstration and the verifi cation of the overall system process of the deep-sea mineral development can be carried out based on the integrated mode of mining,transportation and storage.The advanced technologies,such as the surface distributed and underwater distributed mineral development,are promoted to develop the all-weather,high-production,low energy consumption,environmental protection and intelligent mineral development system.

关 键 词：体系模式 深海采矿船 水面分布式矿产开发 水下分布式矿产开发 

分 类 号：P744[天文地球—海洋科学]