混沌的世界 分裂的文明--美国小说《奇境》解读  

Divided Civilization of the Chaotic World--Interpretation of Wonderland

作　　者：何春梅[1] He Chunmei(Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611731)

机构地区：[1]四川大学锦城学院,四川省成都市611731

出　　处：《职大学报》2021年第3期41-47,共7页Journal of the Staff and Worker’s University

摘　　要：欧茨于1971年出版的小说《奇境》以主人公杰西从一名孤儿成长为著名的外科医生的生活经历为主线,深刻地描写了20世纪中期美国的社会矛盾、文化冲突及人的悖谬处境:当代人在扩张自我中消解了自我;在工具理性的崇拜中扼杀了人性;在伦理秩序的维护中遭遇了混乱。小说揭示了现代性语境下世界的混沌本质,阐释了“分裂的文明”这个当代文化的内核。由此,世界的混沌感得以呈现,文明的分裂性所引发的精神荒芜感和困惑感也得以深刻揭示。The novel Wonderland,written by Joyce Carol Oates in 1971,depicts the social contradictions and cultural conflicts of America in the middle of the Twentieth Century,with the main line of the living experience of the hero,Jesse,who grew up from an orphan to a famous surgeon.Modern people suffer kinds of paradoxes-meeting self-counteraction in the process of self-expansion;human nature is strangled and squeezed in the worship of the instrumental rationality;people encounter chaos when they try to keep some ethical orders.The novel reveals the world's chaotic nature,explains why"the divided civilization"is the core of contemporary culture in the context of modernity.With the above analysis,the state of chaos of the world is presented,and the sense of spiritual desolation and confusion caused by the divided civilization are profoundly revealed as well.

关 键 词：混沌 分裂 自我扩张 工具理性 伦理秩序 

分 类 号：I712.45[文学—其他各国文学]