艾滋病疫苗研究面临的挑战和进展  

Challenges and advances in AIDS vaccine research

作　　者：张乔 陈国兵 牛海涛 罗钧洪 梁晓峰[5] 高峰[1] ZHANG Qiao;CHEN Guo-bing;NIU Hai-tao;LUO Jun-hong;LIANG Xiao-feng;GAO Feng(Institute of Molecular and Medical Virology,School of Medicine,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Institute of Geriatric Immunology,Department of Microbiology and Immu-nology,School of Medicine,School of Medicine,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences,School of Medicine,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences,School of Medicine,School of Medicine,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine,School of Medicine,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学分子医学病毒研究所,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院微生物与免疫学系老年免疫学研究所,广东广州510632 [3]暨南大学实验动物管理中心,广东广州510632 [4]暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院系统生物医学系,广东广州510632 [5]暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院公共卫生与预防医学系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2021年第6期1119-1125,共7页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31970888);国家“十三五”科技重大专项资助项目(No.2018ZX10731101-001-010)。

摘　　要：艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)是由人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficien‐cy virus,HIV)攻击机体免疫系统所引发的一类传染性疾病。HIV-1通过特异性感染CD4+T淋巴细胞进而摧毁机体的免疫功能,最终诱导多种并发症的出现,例如结核、肺炎、细菌感染以及血液系统肿瘤等[1]。最新WHO统计数据显示,截止2019底,全球约有3800万HIV-1感染者,其中包括180万儿童;2019年新发感染者170万,死于艾滋导致的并发症人数达到69万人[2]。更为严峻的是,联合国艾滋病规划署制定的2020年90/90/90目标(90%HIV-1感染者得到确诊,90%确诊病人得到治疗,90%治疗病人的病毒血症得到控制)也宣告失败,预示攻克艾滋病仍任重道远。Compared with the swift approval and mass use of COVID-19 vaccines,a successful AIDS vaccine is still elusive after over 30 years of research.The recent failure of a phase Ⅲ trial of AIDS vaccine(HVTN 702)in South Africa has overshadowed the moderate hope raised by an earlier phase Ⅲ trial(RV144)in Thailand,affirming the grand challenges for AIDS vaccine development.However,recent discoveries have been made in better understanding the maturation and functions of broadly neutralizing antibodies against global diverse HIV-1 strains in recent years,which raise some hope for development of effective AIDS vaccines.This paper reviews the major challenges and advances in recent AIDS vaccine research and hope to stimulate new ideas for development of successful AIDS vaccines in the future.

关 键 词：艾滋病疫苗 临床试验 HIV-1包膜糖蛋白 广谱中和抗体 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R363.2[医药卫生—临床医学]