长航时高空科学气球能量平衡分析与优化  

ENERGY BALANCE ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF LONG-TERN HIGH ALTITUDE SCIENTIFIC BALLOON

作　　者：刘乾石 徐国宁[2] 李兆杰[2] 杜晓伟 Liu Qianshi;Xu Guoning;Li Zhaojie;Du Xiaowei(School of Electronic,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy ofSciences,Beijing 100049,China;Academy of Opto-Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院光电研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2021年第5期276-285,共10页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导专项(临近空间科学实验系统:XDA17020304);北京市自然科学基金(4164106)。

摘　　要：为实现高空科学气球长航时飞行,设计高空科学气球循环能源系统,并进行循环能源能量平衡分析,建立太阳辐照和能源平衡状态模型,同时以储能电池的充放电平衡为基础,设计能量平衡状态下所需的太阳电池的参数和机械结构。然后,给出所使用太阳电池的铺设方法依据,提出优化函数,分别计算和分析不同铺设方法的优缺点与问题,并据此提出一种适应于高空科学气球的新型太阳电池铺设方法。最后进行样机设计和测试,该样机是中国首个临近空间科学气球循环能源系统,测试取得一系列有用数据,数据表明所提出的能量平衡分析方法和多目标优化函数具有一定的可操作性,与理论计算的偏差在5%以下,能够作为后续项目的设计依据和方法。In order to realize the long-term flight of high altitude scientific balloon.The paper designed the renewable energy system of high-altitude scientific balloon and made the energy balance analysis.The solar irradiation model and energy balance state model are established,meanwhile,the parameters and mechanical structure were designed based on the charge-discharge balance of electric battery.Then the paper gave the laying method of solar cell based on the optimization function,the parameters of different laying methods are calculated while the advantages and problems are summarized.According to it,a new laying method which adapted to highaltitude scientific balloon is proposed.Finally,the prototype was designed and tested.This prototype is the first near-space scientific balloon circulation energy system in China which obtained a series of valuable data.The data showsed that the energy balance analysis method and multi-objective optimization function proposed in this paper have satisfactory operability while the deviation from the theoretical calculation is less than 5%.It means that they can be used as the design basis and upgrading method for subsequent projects.

关 键 词：太阳电池 能源管理系统 高空科学气球 循环能源 优化设计 

分 类 号：TM91[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]