等孔径射孔工艺技术  

Perforating technology with equal aperture

作　　者：杨坤 王九州 于秋来 YANG Kun;WANG Jiuzhou;YU Qiulai(Testing Branch,PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163412,China;China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation(CNODC),Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司试油试采分公司,黑龙江大庆163412 [2]中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《油气井测试》2021年第3期25-31,共7页Well Testing

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“大庆油气持续有效发展关键技术研究与应用”的课题10“难采储量有效动用技术研究与试验”(2016E-10)。

摘　　要：常规射孔及特殊井射孔施工时,由于射孔器在套管内偏靠一侧,枪管壁与套管壁之间间隙不同,导致套管壁上射孔孔径与地层射孔孔道不均匀,降低了射孔孔道导流能力,影响后续水力压裂施工效果,甚至影响后续开发改造效果。通过理论分析以及对常规四相位90°射孔器、水平井三相位120°射孔器地面检测试验,设计了直井居中扶正装置和大斜度井旋转扶正装置,开发了等孔径射孔弹,在工艺及器材上实现均匀孔径射孔。射孔后,水力压裂施工压力较常规射孔施工压力降低了11.2%。该技术可应用于致密油(气)水平井大规模压裂及常规射孔压裂投产井,满足油田水力压裂开发改造的需求。In the conventional perforation and special well perforation construction,because the perforator is on one side of the casing and the gap between the barrel wall and the casing wall is different,the perforation hole diameter on the casing wall is not uniform with the formation perforation channel,which reduces the conductivity of the perforation channel,affects the subsequent hydraulic fracturing construction effect,and even affects the subsequent development and transformation effect.Through theoretical analysis and ground test of conventional four-phase perforator with the degree of 90 and three-phase perforator with degree of 120 in horizontal well,the centering device in vertical well and rotary centering device in highly deviated well are designed,and the equal aperture perforating charge is developed to realize uniform perforation in technology and equipment.After perforating,the hydraulic fracturing pressure is reduced by 11.2%compared with conventional perforating.The technology can be applied to large-scale fracturing of tight oil and gas horizontal wells and conventional perforating fracturing wells to meet the needs of oilfield hydraulic fracturing development and transformation.

关 键 词：扶正装置 射孔弹 孔径 孔道 差异度 水力压裂 导流能力 

分 类 号：TE353[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]