生物炭对辽宁中部地区温室青椒生理特性及产量的影响  

Effects of biochar on physiological characteristics and yield of greenhouse pepper in middle area of Liaoning Province

作　　者：邰恩博 张更元 TAI Enbo;ZHANG Gengyuan(Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Liaoning Province Co.Ltd, Shenyang 110003,China;Center of Water Affairs Service and Administrative Law Enforcement of Shenyang, Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110003 [2]沈阳市水务事务服务与行政执法中心,辽宁沈阳110015

出　　处：《水利科学与寒区工程》2021年第3期19-23,共5页Hydro Science And Cold Zone Engineering

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07601-03);中央财政农业科技推广项目智能灌溉新技术推广(2017)。

摘　　要：为了阐明生物炭在辽宁中部地区青椒生产上的应用潜力,在温室大棚条件下,研究了不施生物炭和施用生物炭(12 t/hm^(2))对青椒生长生理和产量的影响。结果表明:施用生物炭可显著增加青椒的株高,但对青椒茎粗无明显影响。与不施生物炭处理相比,施用生物炭处理对苗期青椒叶片的SPAD、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度无明显提高效应。但进入开花坐果期和结果期,生物炭处理表现出优势,表现为施用生物炭处理较不施生物炭处理显著提高了青椒叶片的SPAD、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度。施用生物炭处理显著提高了青椒产量和水分利用效率,提高幅度均为22.9%。除开花坐果期SPAD与产量相关性未达到显著水平外,开花坐果期和结果期的SPAD和净光合速率与产量表现出显著的正相关关系。因此,生物炭可成为一种提升青椒生产力的途径应用在温室青椒的生产上。In order to investigate the potential of biochar application for greenhouse pepper in the middle Liaoning Province,the effects of biochar application(12 t/hm^(2))on the growth physiology and yield of pepper were studied under greenhouse conditions.The results showed that biochar application could significantly increase plant height,but had no significant effect on stem diameter of greenhouse pepper.Compared with no biochar treatment,the SPAD,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of pepper leaves at the seedling stage were not significantly improved with biochar application.Biochar application showed advantages at the blooming-setting and fruiting stages.Biochar application significantly improved SPAD,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of pepper leaves,as compared to no biochar treatment.Biochar application significantly increased the greenhouse pepper yield and water use efficiency by 22.9%and 22.9%,respectively.SPAD and net photosynthetic rate and at the blooming-setting and fruiting stages were significantly positively correlated with yield,except that SPAD at blooming-setting stage were not significantly correlated with yield.Therefore,biochar application could be a good way to improve the productivity of pepper in greenhouse production.

关 键 词：青椒 生物炭 生理特性 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S156[农业科学—园艺学]