含铝HMX-CMDB推进剂燃烧残渣特征分析  

Combustion Residues Analysis of Aluminized HMX-CMDB Propellant

作　　者：肖立群 李吉祯[1] 裴庆[1] 樊学忠[1] XIAO Li-qun;LI Ji-zhen;PEI Qing;FAN Xue-zhong(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第3期361-366,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21975150)。

摘　　要：为进一步了解CMDB推进剂中含铝凝聚相燃烧产物的形成机制及影响因素,对Al/HMX-CMDB推进剂燃烧残渣的形貌、表面成分及粒径分布进行了研究;制备了具有不同HMX/Al质量比(30∶7、22∶15)及不同铝粉粒径(1~2、13、30μm)的4种推进剂样品。采用靶线法测定了推进剂样品在压强为2~18MPa范围内的燃速;在恒压燃烧室中收集了推进剂在1MPa下产生的凝聚相燃烧产物;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光学显微镜对残渣形貌进行了观测,利用X衍射射线能谱(EDS)对残渣表面成分进行分析,并对残渣粒径进行了统计。结果表明,在2~18MPa下,增加铝粉含量和降低铝粉粒径会使推进剂燃烧效率降低,使铝团聚难以充分燃烧而产生大量残渣;观察到6类粒径大于20μm的球形和不规则形状残渣颗粒,其表面主要由铝和氧化铝构成;对残渣粒径统计表明,使用粒径13μm铝粉并且在其质量分数为7%时产生的残渣粒径较小,而质量分数增至15%时会使残渣粒径增大。To further understand the formation mechanism and influencing factors of the condensed-phase combustion products of CMDB propellant,the morphology,surface composition and particle size distribution of Al/HMX-CMDB propellant combustion residues were studied.Four propellant samples with different HMX/Al mass ratios(30∶7,22∶15)and different aluminun powder sizes(1-2,13,30μm)were prepared.The burning rates of these samples at a pressure range of 2 to 18MPa were measured by the strand target method.The condensed-phase combustion products were obtained using a constant pressure combustion chamber.The residue morphologies were investigated by SEM and optics microscope.The surface composition of the residue surfaces was analyzed by energy dispresive spectrum,and the size distributions of the residues were obtained.The results indicate that,the combustion efficiency of the propellant is reduced by increasing Al content or reducing Al particle size at the pressure range of 2 to 18MPa,and produce a large amount of residues.Six kinds of spherical and irregular-shaped residue particles with size larger than 20μm are observed,and their surface is mainly composed of aluminum and aluminum oxide.The statistics of the residue particle size of the 13μm Al show that,the average particle size of the combustion residues is small when the mass fraction of Al is 7%,and it was increased when the mass fraction of Al increases to 15%.

关 键 词：物理化学 CMDB推进剂 铝粉 燃烧残渣 燃烧性能 粒径分析 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O34[理学—固体力学]