变频谐波对电机振动噪声特性的影响规律  

The Effect of Harmonics on Electromagnetic Vibration and Noise Characteristic in Inverter-Duty Motor

作　　者：肖阳 宋金元 屈仁浩 蒋伟康[3] Xiao Yang;Song Jinyuan;Qu Renhao;Jiang Weikang(Wuhan Marine Electric Propulsion Research Institute,Wuhan 430064,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Electric Power Technology for Ships,Wuhan 436000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉船用电力推进装置研究所,武汉430064 [2]舰船综合电力技术重点实验室,武汉436000 [3]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第12期2607-2615,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11874262)。

摘　　要：变频电机的振动噪声是影响电驱动产品应用的重要因素。为更准确掌握变频电机振动噪声激励,设计低噪声变频电机,该文建立变频电机振动噪声特性的一种分析模型,从变频机理出发,推导正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)变频器的输出谐波,再根据麦克斯韦定律计算分析变频激励下电机气隙的电磁激励力特性,并基于有限元法建立电磁-固-声多场耦合仿真计算模型,最后通过对比实测电机的声功率总结出变频谐波对变频电机振动噪声特性的影响。分析结果表明,电机振动噪声在低频部分的谐波由电机的调制频率产生,而变频器引入的高频谐波会使电机在开关频率附近辐射大量的噪声,因此,低噪声变频电机的设计必须消除或者削弱这些谐波。The vibration and noise characteristics of the inverter-duty motor are important factors affecting the application of electric products.In order to grasp the vibration and noise excitation of inverter-duty motor accurately and design low-noise inverter-duty motor,an analysis model of the vibration-noise characteristics of inverter-duty motor is established in this paper.The output of a SPWM converter is derived according to the modulation theory.Then the electromagnetic force in a motor is calculated based on Maxwell’s Law and a coupled multi-physics FEM simulation model is built.Finally,by comparing the measured sound power of the motor,the results show that the harmonics of motor vibration noise in the low-frequency part are generated by the modulation frequency of the motor,and the high-frequency harmonics introduced by the inverter cause the motor to radiate a lot of noise near the switching frequency.Therefore,the design of low-noise inverter-duty motors needs to consider eliminating or weakening these harmonics.

关 键 词：变频电机 振动噪声 变频谐波 电磁-固-声耦合仿真 

分 类 号：TM344.6[电气工程—电机]