甜菜碱与烟酰胺复合制剂对热应激奶牛生产性能、乳品质及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Betaine and Niacinamide Compound Preparation on Performance,Milk Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows

作　　者：杨占涛 孔凡林 王吉东 姚琨[1] 韩强 王良 李亚君 刘辉 李胜利[1] YANG Zhantao;KONG Fanlin;WANG Jidong;YAO Kun;HAN Qiang;WANG Liang;LI Yajun;LIU Hui;LI Shengli(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Kangrui(Shandong)Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261000,China;Fudi Tongchuang(Beijing)Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China;Raman Corporation of Canada Beijing Representative Office,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,动物营养国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]康瑞(山东)农业发展有限公司,潍坊261000 [3]馥蒂同创(北京)科技有限公司,北京100085 [4]加拿大拉曼公司北京代表处,北京100102

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第6期3323-3333,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业(奶业)产业技术体系(CARS36)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究甜菜碱与烟酰胺复合制剂对热应激奶牛生产性能、乳品质及血清生化指标的影响,以探究其适宜添加量。选择胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相近的泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛45头,随机为3组,每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,低剂量组(LD组)和高剂量组(HD组)在基础饲粮的基础上添加30、60 g/d的甜菜碱与烟酰胺复合制剂。预试期5 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)第16~30天,LH和HD组的干物质采食量显著高于CON组(P<0.05);第1~30天,HD组的干物质采食量显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。第1~15天、第16~30天和第1~30天,LH和HD组的产奶量均显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。2)第15天,LH和HD组的乳脂率和乳蛋白率显著高于CON组(P<0.05);第30天,LD组的乳中尿素氮(UN)含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。3)第15天,HD组的血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05);第30天,LD和HD组的血清GLU含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。第15天,LD和HD组的血清UN含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。4)第30天,LD和HD组的血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。第30天,HD组的血清肌酐(CRE)含量显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加甜菜碱与烟酰胺复合制剂可以提高热应激奶牛的干物质采食量、产奶量,改善乳品质及部分血清生化指标,有助于缓解奶牛热应激,且30 g/d为适宜添加量。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of betaine and niacinamide compound preparation on performance,milk quality and serum biochemical indexes of heat-stressed dairy cows,and determine the appropriate additive amount of betaine and niacinamide compound preparation.Forty-five mid-lactating Holstein cows with similar parity,days of lactation and milk yield were selected and randomly assigned into 3 groups with 15 replicates per group and 1 cow per replicate.Cows in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and others in low-dose group(LD group)and high-dose group(HD group)were fed basal diets supplemented with 30 and 60 g/d betaine and niacinamide compound preparation,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days,and the experimental period lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)during day 16 to 30,the dry matter intake of LD and HD groups was significantly higher than that of CON group(P<0.05);during day 1 to 30,the dry matter intake of HD group was significantly higher than that of CON group(P<0.05).During day 1 to 15,day 16 to 30 and day 1 to 30,the milk yield of LD and HD groups was significantly higher than that of CON group(P<0.05).2)On day 15,the milk fat rate and milk protein rate of LD and HD groups were significantly higher than those of CON group(P<0.05);on day 30,the milk urea nitrogen(UN)content of LD group was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05).3)On day 15,the serum glucose(GLU)content of HD group was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05);on day 30,the serum GLU content of LD and HD groups was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05).On day 15,the serum UN content of LD and HD groups was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05).4)On day 30,the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of LD and HD groups was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05).On day 30,the serum creatinine(CRE)content of HD group was significantly lower than that of CON group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of betaine and n

关 键 词：甜菜碱 烟酰胺 热应激 生产性能 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]