不同锌源对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及血浆微量元素含量的影响  

Effects of Different Zinc Sources on Growth Performance,Serum Immune and Antioxidant Indices and Plasma Trace Element Contents of Newborn Holstein Dairy Calves

作　　者：金宇航 麻柱[2] 高铎 单强 张亚静 楚康康[2] 孙鹏[1] JIN Yuhang;MA Zhu;GAO Duo;SHAN Qiang;ZHANG Yajing;CHU Kangkang;SUN Peng(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Genetic,Breeding and Reproduction,Beijing Dairy Cow Center,Beijing 102101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]北京奶牛中心,奶牛遗传育种与繁殖北京市重点实验室,北京102101

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第6期3334-3342,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020GH11-2);国家高层次人才特殊支持计划项目;中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同锌源(蛋白锌和氧化锌)对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及血浆微量元素含量的影响。选取60头体重[(41.35±0.63)kg]一致的健康新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分成5个组,每组12头牛(公犊牛3头,母犊牛9头)。对照组(CON组)饲喂牛奶,低剂量蛋白锌组(L-ZnP组)、中剂量蛋白锌组(M-ZnP组)和高剂量蛋白锌组(H-ZnP组)在牛奶中分别添加261.44、522.88、784.31 mg/d蛋白锌(锌含量相当于40、80、120 mg/d),氧化锌组(ZnO组)在牛奶中添加232.11 mg/d氧化锌(锌含量相当于180 mg/d)。根据犊牛生长状况于4~7日龄开始饲喂开食料。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,M-ZnP组、H-ZnP组和ZnO组的平均日增重,血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及血浆锌含量显著升高(P<0.05)。2)随着蛋白锌添加量的增加,粪便指数呈显著线性、二次下降(P<0.05),血清IgG含量、GSH-Px活性及血浆锌含量呈显著线性升高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量呈显著线性下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,蛋白锌可提高犊牛生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫功能,较少犊牛腹泻情况,提高血浆锌含量。在本试验条件下,犊牛牛奶中添加522.88 mg/d蛋白锌(锌含量相当于80 mg/d)为宜。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different zinc sources(zinc proteinate and zinc oxide)on growth performance,serum immune and antioxidant indices and plasma trace element contents of newborn Holstein dairy calves.Sixty healthy newborn Holstein dairy calves with similar body weight of(41.35±0.63)kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 calves in each group(3 male calves and 9 female calves).Calves in the control group were fed the milk,calves in low-dose zinc proteinate group(L-ZnP group),middle-dose zinc proteinate group(M-ZnP group)and higH-dose zinc proteinate group(H-ZnP group)were fed the milk supplemented with 261.44,522.88 and 784.31 mg/d zinc proteinate(equivalent to 40,80 and 120 mg/d zinc),respectively,and calves in zinc oxide group(ZnO group)were fed the milk supplemented with 232.11 mg/d zinc oxide(equivalent to 180 mg/d zinc).Calves were fed the starter at 4 to 7 days of age according to the growth status.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the CON group,the average daily gain,serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)content and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity and plasma zinc content of M-ZnP group,H-ZnP group and ZnO group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)With the zinc proteinate dose increased,the fecal index linearly and quadratically decreased(P<0.05),the serum IgG content and GSH-Px activity and plasma zinc content linearly increased(P<0.05),and the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content linearly decreased(P<0.05).To sum up,zinc proteinate can increase the average daily gain,antioxidant function and immune function of calves,reduce the diarrhea,and increase the plasma zinc content.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal dose of zinc proteinate in milk is 522.88 mg/d(equivalent to 80 mg/d zinc).

关 键 词：犊牛 蛋白锌 氧化锌 腹泻 抗氧化 免疫 微量元素 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]