国际新规则下现代五项运动的成绩结构特征及中国发展策略  

Characteristics of Performance Structure of Modern Pentathlon under New International Rules and China’s Development Strategy

作　　者：曹阳[1] 陈亮[1] 宋永飞 CAO Yang;CHEN Liang;SONG Yongfei(School of P.E. and Sport Science, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou 350117, China;People’s Liberation Army of China 32739, Zhengzhou 450100, China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350117 [2]中国人民解放军32739部队,河南郑州450100

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2021年第6期88-94,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CTY019)。

摘　　要：竞赛规则决定了项目的专项特征。通过对现代五项实施国际新规则后成绩结构的相关性分析、快速聚类分析、变异系数、偏相关性分析,讨论了该项目的成绩结构特征及我国发展策略。研究结果显示除击剑呈正态分布外,其余子项成绩均呈左偏分布;各子项成绩稳定性由高到低依次为马术、击剑、激光跑、游泳;各子项对总成绩的相关性排序为马术和激光跑高于游泳和击剑;激光跑成绩呈逐年上升态势,马术成绩略有波动;男子击剑与激光跑之间,女子游泳与马术之间不存在成绩相关性;激光跑的绝对速度与该子项成绩关系密切。针对当前我国男、女运动员的优势和劣势子项相反,男子以激光跑见长,女子则在游泳中显现优势的特点,提出了丰富击剑与马术训练内容、游泳与激光跑协同发展、女子激光跑借鉴男子成功经验、创设“五合一”训练条件的中国发展策略。The competition rules determine the specific characteristics of the project.Through the correlation analysis,rapid cluster analysis,coefficient of variation,and partial correlation analysis of the performance structure of the modern pentathlon after the implementation of the new international rules,the performance structure characteristics of the project and China’s development strategy were discussed.The results showed that except for the normal distribution of fencing,the scores of the other sub-items were all left-skewed distribution.The stability of each sub-item’s performance in descending order was equestrian,fencing,laser running,and swimming.Each sub-item’s contributed to the total score.The order of correlation was that equestrian and laser running were higher than swimming and fencing.Laser running performance increased year by year,and equestrian performance fluctuated slightly.There was no performance correlation between men’s fencing and laser running,women’s swimming and equestrianism.The absolute speed of laser running was closely related to the performance of its sub-item.In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the current male and female athletes in China,men were known for laser running,while women had advantages in swimming.In the future,enriching fencing and equestrian training content,developing swimming and laser running in coordination,developing women’s laser running from the successful experience of men,training five items in one strategy were feasible strategies.

关 键 词：现代五项 竞赛规则 国际新规则 成绩结构 发展策略 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]