某三甲医院急性上呼吸道感染老年患者抗生素使用情况的回顾性分析  

Retrospective analysis of antibiotics usage in elderly patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection in one tertiary grade A hospital

作　　者：孙红玲[1] SUN Hong-lin(The first affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230010,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院干部病房,合肥230010

出　　处：《中国处方药》2021年第6期39-41,共3页Journal of China Prescription Drug

摘　　要：目的通过回顾性分析某三甲医院门诊老年患者急性上呼吸道感染的抗生素临床使用情况,以指导临床合理用药。方法随机抽取2018年1月~2019年12月的首诊为急性上呼吸道感染、年龄超过60岁患者的门诊处方,共3860份。收集患者血常规、抗生素名称、剂量、途径以及天数等资料。通过用药频度分析法与药物利用指数(DUI)对抗生素使用情况进行现状分析。结果抗菌药物、抗病毒药、糖皮质激素以及注射剂使用率分别为76.3%、68.2%、2.1%、44.7%;使用频次排列前5位的更昔洛韦、头孢曲松、阿莫西林、喜炎平、阿奇霉素药物使用率分别为25.4%、12.7%、11.0%、10.1%、8.7%;更昔洛韦与喜炎平的DUI>1。单用抗菌药为47.3%,两种抗菌药联用为10.7%,三种及以上为2.7%。WBC总数与N%均正常的患者抗菌药物使用率最低,为9.3%;而WBC总数与N%均高的患者抗菌药物使用率最高,为98.9%。结论急性上呼吸道感染老年患者的抗生素临床用药总体符合治疗原则,抗菌药物存在无指征用药,部分抗病毒药物使用不合理,应进一步对临床医生加强合理用药管理。Objective To investigate the clinical usage of antibiotics in elderly patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection in some tertiary grade A hospital,in order to guide the clinical rational drug use.Methods 3860 prescriptions of elderly patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection were randomly chosen from the outpatient department during Jul 2018 to Dec 2019.The data of blood routine,the antibiotics kinds,dosage,administration route and days were collected.The present situation of the clinical usage of antibiotics was analyzed by drug frequency analysis and drug utilization index(DUI).Results The usage rates of antibacterials,antivirotics,glucocorticoid and injection were 76.3%,68.2%,2.1%,44.7%.The top 5 ranks of usage frequency were ganciclovir,cefatriaxone,amoxicillin,Xiyan ping injection,azithromycin and the usage rates were 25.4%,12.7%,11.0%,10.1%,8.7%,respectively.The DUI of ganciclovir and Xiyan ping injection were both more 1.0.The usage rate of single antibacterials was 47.3%,and the two kinds of antibacterials was 10.7%,and the three or more kinds of antibacterials was 2.7%.The usage rate of antibacterials in patients with normal WBC or N%rate was 9.3%,and 98.9%usage rate with high WBC or N%rate.Conclusion The usage of antibiotics in elderly patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection is overall compliance to clinical rational drug use,but there are some matters,such as no indication of antibacterials and antivirotics somewhat irrational.The standardized management should be strengthened.

关 键 词：急性上呼吸道感染 老年患者 合理用药 临床用药分析 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]