生物质与低变质烟煤的流化床共热解及除尘技术研究  

Research on the technology of co-pyrolysis and dust removal of biomass and bituminous coal in fluidized bed

作　　者：黄勇 刘巧霞 刘丹 张晓欠 王武生 HUANG Yong;LIU Qiaoxia;LIU Dan;ZHANG Xiaoqian;WANG Wusheng(Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Fossil Hydrocarbon Research of Petroleum and Chemical Industry,Xi′an710000,China;Hydrocarbon High-efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an710000,China)

机构地区：[1]石油和化工行业化石碳氢资源高效利用工程研究中心,陕西西安710000 [2]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司碳氢高效利用技术研究中心,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2021年第3期248-253,共6页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划资助项目(2015KTZDGY05-01)。

摘　　要：在自主搭建的公斤级流化床热解装置中探索了秸秆与低变质烟煤的共热解特性,考察了温度、压力、进料速率等因素对除尘效率的影响。结果表明:在掺混比(低变质烟煤∶秸秆)=70∶30、温度600℃、压力0.3 MPa以及N_(2)气氛条件下,秸秆热解提供足够的氢及碱金属/碱土金属元素,使煤热解自由基和氢供体的反应达到平衡,改变煤的黏结性并破坏煤的黏结成焦,最大程度释放煤中挥发分,使共热解油收率最大为16.90%,高于理论收率13.05%。随着温度升高,含尘气体的密度、黏度等发生变化,进而改变粉尘的运动规律,半焦颗粒热团聚作用增强且黏性阻力变大,气固分离效率先增加后降低,在450~500℃时达到最大,为96.8%。压力由0.1 MPa升至0.7 MPa,气固分离效率由97.52%降至96.34%。加压抑制挥发分析出而使其发生二次裂解,热解油收率由21.05%降至18.64%。高进料速率下具有较大的料粉浓度,造成气固分离效率降低。进料速率由1.0 kg/h增至2.5 kg/h,气固分离效率由98.2%降至93.5%,热解油收率由21.05%降至18.22%,油中含尘率由1.05%增至5.04%。The co-pyrolysis characteristics of straw and low rank bituminous coal were investigated in a self-designed fluidized bed pyrolysis device,and the influence of temperature,pressure and feed rate on dust removal efficiency on the pyrolysis oil yield was studied.The results show that:with the condition of biomass blending ratio of 70∶30,600℃,0.3 MPa and nitrogen atmosphere,straw pyrolysis can provide enough hydrogen and alkaline/alkaline earth metal elements to balance the reaction of free radical and hydrogen donor in coal pyrolysis,change the caking property of coal,destroy the caking coke reaction of coal,and release the volatiles to the greatest extent.The total yield of co-pyrolysis oil is 16.90%,which is 13.05%higher than the theoretical value.With the increase of temperature,the density,viscosity and other properties of dusty gas are changed,and then the movement law of dust is changed.The dust removal efficiency increases at first and then decreases,influenced by enhanced thermal agglomeration and increased viscous resistance of char particles.The maximum dust removal efficiency reaches 94.8%at 450-500℃.When the pressure of pyrolysis increases from 0.1 MPa to 0.7 MPa,the gas-solid separation efficiency decreases from 97.52%to 96.34%,and the yield of pyrolysis oil decreased from 21.05%to 18.64%due to inhibition of volatilization under pressurized condition.The gas-solid separation efficiency is reduced because of the high powder concentration with high feed rate.The feed rate increases from 1.0 kg/h to 2.5 kg/h,the gas-solid separation efficiency decreases from 98.2%to 93.5%,the yield of pyrolysis oil decreases from 21.05%to 18.22%,and the dust content in oil increases from 1.05%to 5.04%.

关 键 词：流化床 共热解 协同效应 气固除尘效率 加压 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程] TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]