试论明代畿辅水利营田的首次实践——以丰润、玉田县南兵营田为中心的考察  

First Practice of Battalion Cropland in the Surrounding Area of Beijing in the Ming Dynasty:Cultivation of Battalion Cropland by Southern Soldiers in Fengrun and Yutian Counties

作　　者：张汉青 肖立军[1] Zhang Hanqing;Xiao Lijun

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2021年第3期167-170,共4页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“明卫所制与省镇营兵制关系研究”(项目编号:16BZS059);天津市教育科学规划项目“强化育人、服务社会、注重实践——历史文博实践教学基地建设与教学实践”(项目编号:PYGJ-021)。

摘　　要：万历十二年十一月左右,顾养谦、张国彦等地方大员招募南兵,开发丰润、玉田县水田。次年,明廷开始大规模开发畿辅水田。然仅仅到万历十四年四月,明廷便停止了水利营田活动。丰、玉二县开发水田采取了军队营田的经营方式,取得了一定的成果。但两县营田中仍存在成本过高、杂处民间等问题,尤其是后一点,涉及地方豪强利益,使营田活动遭到抵制。开展营田期间出现了南兵违抗军令甚至哗变的情形,反映出蓟镇南兵管理中存在一定问题。In November of the twelfth year of Wanli's reign,local officials,such as Gu Yangqian and Zhang Guoyan,recruited southern soldiers to develop paddy fields in Fengrun and Yutian counties.The following year,the Ming court began to develop paddy fields around Beijing on a large scale,which was stopped in April of the fourteenth year of Wanli’s reign.The development of paddy fields in Fengrun and Yutian counties adopted the management mode of military farming,and achieved certain results.However,there were still problems,such as high costs and the mixture with private sectors involving particularly the interests of landlords,which made battalion cropland resisted.During the development of battalion cropland,the southern soldiers once disobeyed military orders and even mutinied,reflecting that there were some problems in the management of the southern soldiers in Jizhen Town.

关 键 词：丰润县 玉田县 南兵 营田 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]