闭孔泡沫铝压缩力学性能的实验和三维有限元模拟  

Experiments and Three-Dimensional Finite Element Simulationson the Compressive Mechanical Properties of Closed-CellAluminum Foam

作　　者：戴开达[1] 吴东旭 张志成 陈鹏万[1] DAI Kaida;WU Dongxu;ZHANG Zhicheng;CHEN Pengwan(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2021年第6期579-587,共9页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：装备预研领域基金资助项目(61407200204)。

摘　　要：基于X射线电子计算机断层扫描技术,建立了反映闭孔泡沫铝真实结构的三维有限元模型.对闭孔泡沫铝准静态和动态压缩力学性能进行了实验和数值模拟,分析了闭孔泡沫铝的变形特性及力学性能,验证了模型的可靠性.结果表明,准静态压缩下,试件主要沿加载轴45°方向产生塑性变形.压缩速率为低速时,其变形模式与准静态相同.闭孔泡沫铝试件截面上结构薄弱处首先出现应力集中,材料达到塑性屈服.在高速压缩下,试件加载端首先达到塑性屈服.比较闭孔泡沫铝不同应变率下的屈服强度,动态压缩下的屈服强度远高于准静态压缩下的.应变率280~700 s^(-1)下,其屈服强度变化不明显,应变率继续升高至2000 s^(-1),屈服强度略微提高.Based on X-ray electronic computed tomography technology,a three-dimensional finite element model was established to reflect the true structure of closed-cell aluminum foam.Firstly,the quasi-static and dynamic compressive mechanical properties of closed-cell aluminum foam were analyzed based on experiments and numerical simulations.Then the deformation characteristics and mechanical properties of closed-cell aluminum foam were analyzed.Finally,the reliability of the model was verified.The results show that a long platform stage appears on the stress-strain curve of closed-cell aluminum foam under quasi-static and dynamic loading.Under quasi-static compression,the specimens exhibit local plastic deformation mainly along the loading axis at 45°.At low compression rate,the deformation mode is the same as under quasi-static compression,stress concentration occurs first in the structural weakness of the closed-cell aluminum foam specimen,until material plasticity bend.Under high-speed compression,the loading end of the specimen first reaches the yield stress.Comparing the yield strength at different strain rates,the yield strength of closed-cell aluminum foam under dynamic compression is higher than that of quasi-static compression.When the strain rate of closed-cell aluminum foam specimen is 280~700 s^(-1),the change of yield strength is not obvious.The strain rate increases to 2000 s^(-1),and the yield strength increases slightly.

关 键 词：闭孔泡沫铝 CT图像 有限元模型 力学性能 数值模拟 

分 类 号：O347[理学—固体力学]