复合微生物肥对棉花生长与产量的影响  

Effects of Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Cotton

作　　者：吕博 孟庆忠[1] 张成[1] 曹阳[2] 韩光明[1] 张胜昔[1] 房健 易先达[1] LüBo;MENG Qingzhong;ZHANG Cheng;CAO Yang;HAN Guangming;ZHANG Shengxi;FANG Jian;YI Xianda(Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Breeding in the Middle Reaches of the Changjiang River/Industrial Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430070,China;Agricultural Science Institute of the Fifth Division of XPCC,Shuanghe Xinjiang 833400,China;Xinjiang Shuanghe Water Control Agriculture Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Shuanghe Xinjiang 833400,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江中游棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第五师农科所,新疆双河833400 [3]新疆双河水控农业发展集团有限公司,新疆双河833400

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2021年第6期1006-1011,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFD0100402-4);湖北省技术创新专项-援疆援藏项目(2018AKB1492);兵团师域发展创新支持计划“五师机采棉品质区域布局研究及示范”;湖北省农业科学院青年基金(2020NKYJJ06)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新型复合微生物肥对棉花生长与产量的影响,能够为棉田复合微生物肥的精准施用提供科学理论依据。【方法】施用不同浓度复合微生物肥后,测定棉花生长和产量指标,并对相关指标数据进行相关性分析和主成分分析。【结果】施用复合微生物肥能够使植株高度增加4.0%~9.2%,果枝数增加2.3%-9.6%,结铃数增加3.5%~6.9%,单铃重和皮棉产量最高增幅分别达5.0%和16.6%。棉花株高、果枝数和单株铃数分别与皮棉产量呈显著正相关,不同处理对各项分析指标促进效果的综合得分排名依次为T 3>T 2>T 4>T 1>CK。【结论】施用复合微生物肥能够显著增加棉花株高、果枝数、单株铃数、单铃重和皮棉产量。当施用复合微生物肥浓度为450 kg/hm^(2)时,对棉花生长和产量的综合促进效果最佳。【Objective】Xinjiang cotton area is the largest production base of cotton in China,but continuous cropping and massive application of chemical fertilizers in most areas has led to the decline of soil tillage and fertilizer use efficiency in cotton fields,and seriously threatened the sustainable development of cotton industry.This project aims to study the effect of new compound microbial fertilizer on cotton growth and yield in the hope of providing scientific theoretical basis for the accurate application of compound microbial fertilizer in cotton field.【Methods】Growth and yield of cotton were determined after applying different concentrations of compound microbial fertilizer,and the data were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Results】The results of the determination of cotton growth and yield under different treatments showed that the application of compound microbial fertilizer could increase plant height by 4.0%-9.2%,the number of fruit branches by 2.3%-9.6%,the number of bolls by 3.5%-6.9%,and the maximum increase of boll weight and lint yield by 5.0%and 16.6%,respectively.The results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis of cotton growth and yield showed that lint yield was positively correlated with plant height,root length,fruit branch number,boll number per plant,boll weight per plant and lint percentage,respectively.The comprehensive scores of different treatments on the effect of each analysis index were ranked as follows:T 3>T 2>T 4>T 1>CK.【Conclusion】The application of compound microbial fertilizer can significantly increase cotton plant height,fruit branch number,single boll number,single boll weight and lint yield.If the concentration of compound microbial fertilizer is 450 kg/hm^(2),the comprehensive promotion effect on cotton growth and yield is the best.

关 键 词：复合微生物肥 皮棉产量 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]