超声波无损检测技术在世界文化遗产地云冈石窟保护中的应用  

Application of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technique in the protection of Yungang Grottoes

作　　者：任建光 王书[2] 孟田华 杨进[2] 胡翠凤[3] Ren Jianguang;Wang Shu;Meng Tianhua;Yang Jin;Hu Cuifeng(Yungang Grottoes Research Institute,Datong 037007,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Shanxi Datong University,Datong 031009,China)

机构地区：[1]云冈石窟研究院,山西大同037007 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]山西大同大学,山西大同037009

出　　处：《工程勘察》2021年第6期68-73,共6页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BKG035);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D31014);国家文物局文化遗产保护邻域科学和技术研究课题(2013-YB-HT-012)。

摘　　要：超声波属于弹性波,具有无损和高分辨率的特征。为了保护云冈石窟世界文化遗产,利用超声波检测技术对云冈石窟窟前列柱进行了检测。超声波速度分布图说明了云冈石窟第9窟前室东列柱南侧风化较北侧严重,东侧风化程度较西侧严重,底部风化较顶部严重;超声波波速平面等值线图清晰地反映出石窟表层裂隙位置及其延伸方向;灌浆加固前后超声波声时对比曲线验证了裂隙的加固效果。检测结果说明了超声波检测技术对砂岩列柱内部风化结构探析、裂隙探测及裂隙灌浆效果评价的有效性,同时也为云冈石窟文物的保护、修复提供技术支撑。Ultrasonic wave is elastic wave which has the characteristics of nondestructive and high resolution. In order to protect the world cultural heritage of Yungang Grottoes,the front column of Yungang Grottoes was examined by ultrasonic detection technique. The ultrasonic velocity distribution shows that the south side of the east column in the front chamber of Cave 9 of Yungang Grottoes is weathered more seriously than the north side,the east side is weathered more seriously than the west side,and the bottom is weathered more seriously than the top side. Ultrasonic wave velocity contour map clearly reflects the crack location and extension direction in the grotto surface. The crack reinforcement effect is verified by comparing the curve of ultrasonic sound time before and after grouting reinforcement. The results show that the ultrasonic detection technique is effective to investigate weathering structure, detect cracks and evaluate the crack grouting effect inside sandstone column,and which also provides a technical support for the protection and restoration of cultural relics in Yungang Grottoes.

关 键 词：云冈石窟 超声波 无损检测技术 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]