汉藏语系语言的评价性形态  

Evaluative Morphology in Sino-Tibetan Languages

作　　者：董秀芳[1,2,3] DONG Xiufang

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871 [2]北京大学中国语言学研究中心,北京100871 [3]北京大学计算语言学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《民族语文》2021年第2期3-14,共12页Minority Languages of China

摘　　要：评价性形态包括指小、增量、贬化、褒化、表敬等,主要功能在于表达说话人对于事物、性质或行为等的主观评价和态度。本文考察了汉藏语系语言评价性形态的表现形式和功能,指出评价性形态具有多种表达手段,在词类上有比较广泛的分布,功能上也发展得比较成熟,因此得出汉藏语系语言评价性形态比较凸显的结论,这也表明汉藏语系语言的主观性凸显。建议今后对汉藏语系的研究中加强对评价性形态的描写和分析。Evaluative morphology includes diminutives,augmentatives,pejoratives,amelioratives,honorifics,etc.The function of evaluative morphology is to express evaluation and attitude of the speaker with respect to things,properties or activities.In this paper,we explore the forms and functions of evaluative morphology in Sino-Tibetan languages.Evaluative morphology in Sino-Tibetan languages is rich in forms,extensive in word categories and developed in functions.Therefore,it can be claimed that evaluative morphology is prominent in Sino-Tibetan languages,which also indicates that subjectivity is prominent in Sino-Tibetan languages.It is proposed that description and analysis of evaluative morphology be enhanced in future studies on Sino-Tibetan languages.

关 键 词：汉藏语系语言 词法 评价性形态 类型学 主观性 

分 类 号：H4[语言文字]