从“只有背影”到“华丽转身”:“草根逆袭”话语的媒介建构袁会蔡骐  

From“Back,not Background”to“Amazing Turnarounds”:Media Constructions of Grassroots Counterattack Discourses

作　　者：袁会[1] 蔡骐[1] Yuan Hui;Cai Qi

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2021年第5期44-65,126,127,共24页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“网络亚文化传播机制与引导研究”(项目编号:18ZDA313)的研究成果。

摘　　要："草根逆袭"在媒介平台的流行有其深刻的社会根源,媒介通过四种话语模式抽象再现了这一现实议题。其中,奋斗话语、时势话语和才能话语分别侧重"草根"逆袭的不同原因,励志话语成为它们的共同底层逻辑。话语结构方面,逆袭话语始终围绕"草根/精英"、"逆/顺"和"袭/非袭"三组二元对立而展开,结构中的缺席概念和隐含关系才是各种在场意义的生成条件,话语所服从的权力秩序正是藏匿于这些被遮蔽的内容之中。从话语实践的角度看,"草根逆袭"是新闻生产者根据稳定的范式,对现实材料进行的象征化抽离和结构性改写;逆袭话语本质上仍是对传统鸡汤文化的承袭。从社会实践的角度看,话语来源并反作用于社会现实,虚幻乌托邦背后的意识形态将"草根"个体询唤为主体,潜移默化地影响着他们的价值观念和行为实践,并由此实现对社会现实的建构。The popularity of grassroots counterattack on media platforms has its profound social roots.Mass media abstract and reproduce this social issue through four discourse modes.Endeavor discourse,opportunity discourse and ability discourse respectively manifests different reasons of the grassroots’counterattack,and inspiration discourse indicates the underlying logic.Counterattack discourses have always been associated with three sets of opposing concepts:grassroots vs.elites,counter vs.accordant,attack vs.sustain.The absent concepts and implicit relations are conditions for the formation of present meanings,behind which is the controlling power order.From the perspective of discourse practice,grassroots counterattack is constructed according to a stable paradigm,and is the symbolic abstraction and structural rewriting of reality by media.Such discourse inherits the so-called chicken soup culture.From the perspective of social practice,discourse comes from and reacts on social reality.Ideology behind the illusory utopia interpellates individuals as subjects by imperceptibly influencing their values and behaviors.Therefore,the discourses constructed by media construct and constitute the social reality.

关 键 词：草根逆袭 话语 媒介建构 社会流动 意识形态 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]