基于领导生命周期理论的护理干预在听神经瘤术后吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用  

Application of nursing intervention based on leadership life cycle theory in patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery

作　　者：杨桂平[1] 顾宇丹[1] 秦殊[1] 费雅雅 Yang Guiping;Gu Yudan;Qin Shu;Fei Yaya(Department of Neurosurgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院神经外科二病区,226001

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2021年第18期1406-1411,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨基于领导生命周期理论的护理干预在听神经瘤术后吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年2月至2020年3月南通大学附属医院神经外科二病区收治的听神经瘤术后吞咽功能障碍患者100例为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将所有患者分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组患者采用常规术后康复护理,观察组在此基础上采用基于领导生命周期理论的护理干预。干预结束后,利用洼田饮水试验评价2组患者吞咽功能障碍恢复情况,利用吞咽功能障碍康复训练依从性问卷评价康复依从性,利用吞咽相关生命质量量表(SWAL-QOL)评价患者生命质量,同时记录吸入性肺炎发生情况。结果干预结束后,观察组患者洼田饮水试验评级优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Uc值为2.053,P<0.05);观察组患者依从性问卷参与依从性维度、监测依从性维度和学习依从性维度得分分别为(16.94±2.46)、(6.96±1.24)、(5.66±2.11)分,均高于对照组的(12.36±2.59)、(4.80±1.20)、(4.48±1.49)分,差异有统计学意义(t值为9.058、8.851、3.236,P<0.01)。随访1个月,观察组患者SWAL-QOL心理负担维度、进食时间维度、食欲维度、吞咽症状频率维度、食物选择维度、语言交流维度、进食恐惧维度、心理健康维度、社会交往维度、疲劳睡眠维度评分分别为(8.06±1.39)、(7.14±1.76)、(10.92±1.79)、(58.26±6.41)、(6.38±1.81)、(7.00±1.07)、(15.82±2.41)、(21.86±1.81)、(16.80±1.81)、(18.96±3.24)分,均高于对照组的(6.76±2.17)、(4.80±1.83)、(7.84±1.74)、(37.30±5.07)、(3.72±1.23)、(4.98±1.33)、(12.06±2.97)、(16.96±1.67)、(11.00±1.76)、(11.84±3.05)分,差异均有统计学意义(t值为6.945~18.142,P<0.01)。观察组吸入性肺炎发生率6.00%(3/50),低于对照组的20.00%(10/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值为4.332,P<0.05)。结论基于领导生命周期理论的护理干预有利于促进听神经瘤术后吞咽功能Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on leadership life cycle theory in patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery.Methods From February 2017 to March 2020,100 patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery in our hospital were selected as the research object.According to a random number table,a randomized controlled study was used to divide all patients into an observation group and a control group,50 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received routine postoperative rehabilitation nursing,and the observation group adopted nursing intervention based on the leadership life cycle theory.After the intervention,the Water swallow test was used to evaluate the recovery of swallowing dysfunction in the two groups.A swallowing dysfunction rehabilitation training compliance questionnaire was used to evaluate rehabilitation compliance.The Swallowing Quality of Life scale(SWAL-QOL)was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients.At the same time the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia was recorded.Results After the intervention,the result of drinking water test rating was better in the observation group compared the control group,the difference was statistically significant(Uc=2.053,P<0.05).The participation in compliance,monitoring compliance and learning compliance scores were 16.94±2.46,6.96±1.24,5.66±2.11 in the observation group,significantly higher than in the control group(12.36±2.59,4.80±1.20,4.48±1.49),the difference was statistically significant(t value was 9.058,8.851,3.236,P<0.05).After a one-month follow-up,the scores of psychological burden,eating time,appetite,swallowing symptom frequency,food choice,language communication,eating fear,mental health,social interaction,fatigue sleep were 8.06±1.39,7.14±1.76,10.92±1.79,58.26±6.41,6.38±1.81,7.00±1.07,15.82±2.41,21.86±1.81,16.80±1.81,18.96±3.24,significantly higher than those of the control gorup(6.76±2.17,4.80±1.83,7.84±1.74,37.30±5.07,3.72±1.23,4.98±1.3

关 键 词：领导生命周期理论 吞咽功能障碍 护理干预 依从性 生活质量 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]