种植不同油茶品系实生苗对红壤胞外酶活性的影响  

Effects of planting seedlings of different Camellia oleifera strains on extracellular enzyme activities in red soil

作　　者：狄岚[1] 王小东[1] 周莉荫[1] 颜聪 肖相元[1] DI Lan;WANG Xiaodong;ZHOU Liyin;YAN Cong;XIAO Xiangyuan(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第2期74-81,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660184)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解野生油茶与栽培种油茶对土壤物理、化学、生物性质的影响的差异情况,给栽培种油茶的选育提供一定的科学理论依据。【方法】以红壤土盆栽野生油茶和栽培种赣油1号和赣永6号油茶实生苗,研究了不同品系油茶种植土壤理化性质和酶活性的差异情况。【结果】种植不同油茶品系实生苗对土壤pH值均无影响。种植野生油茶的土壤其有机质、全磷、有效磷和速效钾等养分含量均显著低于种植赣油1号和赣永6号油茶的土壤各养分含量,而栽培种赣油1号和赣永6号油茶的种植土壤中这些养分含量间均无差异。种植赣油1号油茶的土壤铵态氮含量低于赣永6号种植土壤的,但其硝态氮含量却显著高于赣永6号种植土壤的。种植野生油茶的土壤纤维二糖水解酶活性显著高于赣油1号和赣永6号种植土壤的,其增幅分别为18.76%和19.34%,而其土壤中β-1,4-葡糖苷酶和β-1,4-木糖苷酶活性均显著低于赣油1号和赣永6号种植土壤的。种植赣永6号的土壤氮水解酶(β-乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶)的活性显著高于野生油茶和赣油1号油茶种植土壤的,其增幅分别为9.45%、14.34%、8.57%和10.39%,而种植野生油茶和赣油1号油茶的土壤亮氨酸氨基肽酶和β-乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶活性之间的差异均不明显。种植野生油茶的土壤磷酸单酯酶活性显著低于赣油1号和赣永6号油茶种植土壤的磷酸单酯酶活性,其降幅分别为20.88%和13.91%。【结论】栽培种赣永6号油茶对土壤地力的影响程度比野生油茶和栽培种赣油1号油茶对土壤地力的影响程度大。【Objective】In order to understand different effect between wild Camellia oleifera Abel.and cultivated C.oleifera on soil physics,chemistry and biology characters,a certain scientific theoretical basis was provided for breeding the cultivated C.oleifera.【Method】The differences of soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of different strains of C.oleifera were studied by potted wild C.oleifera and cultivated C.oleifera(Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6)seedlings in red soil.【Result】The results showed that the planting seedlings had no effect on soil pH value.The soil nutrients(organic matter,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium)content planted wild camellia were significantly lower than planted Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6,while the cultivar Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6 had no different effect on these nutrients.The soil ammonium nitrogen planted Ganyou No.1 was lower than planted Ganyong No.6,but nitrate nitrogen content was significantly higher than planted Ganyong No.6.The cellobioside activity of the soil palnted wild C.oleifera was significantly higher than that of the cultivated species(Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6), with an increase of 18.76% and 19.34%, respectively, but the β-1,4-glucosidase and β-1,4-xylosidase enzyme activities were significantly lower than those of cultivated species (Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6). The nitrogen hydrolase (β-acetylglucosamine glycosidase and leucine aminopeptidase) planted Ganyong No.6 was significantly higher than wild C. oleifera and Ganyou No.1 by 9.45%, 14.34%, 8.57% and 10.39%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the activities of leucine aminopeptidase and β-acetylglucosaminidase between wild C. oleifera and Ganyou No.1, and the Soil phosphomonoesterase activity of the soil planted wild Camellia was significantly lower than Ganyou No.1 and Ganyong No.6 by 20.88% and 13.91%, respectively.【Conclusion】The cultivated cultivar Ganyong No.6 has a stronger effect on the soil fertility than wild camellia

关 键 词：油茶 碳水解酶 氮水解酶 磷水解酶 

分 类 号：S604.3[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4