湘西两种花色野生巨紫荆光合作用日变化规律  

Study on photosynthetic rate diurnal variation of wild Cercis gigantea with two flower colors in western Hunan

作　　者：和红晓 杨艳[2] 黄斌 HE Hongxiao;YANG Yan;HUANG Bin(Forestry Bureau of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 414004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湘西土家族苗族自治州林业局,湖南吉首416000 [2]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙414000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第2期213-221,237,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新专项“珍稀乡土植物巨紫荆高效繁育及种质创新关键技术研究”(XLK202002)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究巨紫荆光合作用的日变化规律及其生理和环境方面的影响因子,为野生巨紫荆的引种驯化、苗木繁育和高效栽培提供科学的理论依据。【方法】采用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定仪,对自然条件下生长的野生红花巨紫荆和粉白花巨紫荆的光合作用日変化情况进行观测,并对巨紫荆的光合参数与环境因子间的相关性进行分析。【结果】红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的光合速率和气孔导度均呈双峰曲线的日变化趋势,其首个峰值均大于次峰值,最大值出现在10:00时前后,其“午休”现象均出现在12:00时;红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的净光合速率日均值分别为4.47与2.59μmol∙m^(-2)s^(-1),红花巨紫荆的明显高于粉白花巨紫荆的,前者是后者的1.72倍;红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的蒸腾速率日変化曲线均为单峰曲线,其日变化规律与其光合速率的日变化规律均基本一致,其蒸腾速率最高值均出现在14:00时左右。红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的水分利用率,均从早上开始逐步降低至最低值后又逐步回升,红花巨紫荆的水分利用效率大部分时间均处于较高的水平上,且其水分利用率的最低值比粉白花巨紫荆的最低值高出56.16%。红花巨紫荆的净光合速率与气孔导度间呈极显著正相关,而与光照强度间呈显著正相关,但与其它参数间的相关性均不显著;粉白花巨紫荆的净光合速率与气孔导度间呈显著正相关,而与其它参数间的相关性均不显著。【结论】红花巨紫荆和粉白花巨紫荆的光合特性存在一定的差异,红花巨紫荆的光合速率及水分利用率均较高,说明在有机物合成、抗逆性等方面红花巨紫荆的表现均较突出,在引种栽培过程中可以根据不同种质的生理特性进行合理开发和应用。【Objective】The physiological and environmental factors affecting the photosynthesis of Cercis gigantea were studied to provide scientific theoretical basis for introducing, breeding and high-efficiency cultivation of C. gigantea.【Method】With the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis tester, the photosynthetic characteristics of wild C. gigantean(red flower and pink white flower) under natural conditions were studied, and the correlation between photosynthetic factors and environmental factors were analyzed.【Result】Diurnal change in photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in C. gigantea was a bimodal curve. The first peak was higher more than the secondary one. The peak appeared at around 10:00 and "midday break" phenomenon appeared at 12:00. The daily mean net photosynthetic rates of the C. gigantean with red flower and the C. gigantean with pink white flower were 4.47 and 2.59 μmol·m-2s-1, respectively. The C. gigantean with red flower was significantly higher than the C. gigantean with pink white flower and the former was 1.72 times of the latter. Diurnal change of transpiration rate showed only one peak, and the change trend was basically consistent with photosynthetic rate. The peak appeared around 14:00. Water use efficiency from morning began to gradually reduce to a minimum and then gradually recovered. The water use efficiency of C. gigantea with red flower was in a state of 56.16% higher than that of C. gigantea with pink white flower. There was a significant positive correlation between net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance and light intensity, but no significant correlation between net photosynthetic rate and other parameters. There was a significant positive correlation between net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, but not between net photosynthetic rate and other parameters.【Conclusion】There were some differences in photosynthetic characteristics between C. gigantean with red flower and pink white flower. C. gigantean with red flower is outstanding in the aspec

关 键 词：巨紫荆 光合速率 日变化 影响因子 湘西 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S685.99