战略文化、战略偏好与澳大利亚的对华战略疑惧  

Strategic Culture,Strategic Preferences and Australia s Strategic Apprehension towards China

作　　者：许善品[1] 张涛 Xu Shanpin;Zhang Tao

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学东亚研究中心 [2]湘潭大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《印度洋经济体研究》2021年第3期59-84,153,154,共28页Indian Ocean Economic and Political Review

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金项目“论澳大利亚融入亚洲的动因、障碍与前景”(项目编号:18FGJ009);2019年湖南省社科一般项目“东亚权力转移背景下中美澳三边关系研究”(项目编号:19YBA320);2018年湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目“澳大利亚对华战略疑惧的由来”(项目编号:18B055)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：一国外交战略的制定和实施,很大程度上受制于该国的战略文化。澳大利亚的战略文化与对华战略之间存在着很强的相关性。位于东亚边缘的地理位置和源自大英帝国的历史传统共同塑造了澳大利亚的战略文化,直接塑造了其控制海上生命线、强调前沿防御、视南太为势力范围、以实用主义为指导、坚持与西方大国结盟的战略偏好,间接造成了澳大利亚的对华战略疑惧,如警惕中国进入南太地区、积极介入南海问题、警惕中国海军现代化、强化澳美同盟以防范中国、倡导对华色彩浓厚的“印太”倡议、对中国采取软制衡和软约束等。总体而言,澳大利亚战略文化呈现出地缘政治色彩浓厚、深受英国战略文化影响、西方文化底色难改、依附性大于独立性、缺乏战略思想支撑的特征。The formulation and implementation of a country s foreign strategy are largely constrained by its strategic culture.There is a strong correlation between Australia s strategic culture and its strategy towards China.The location on the edge of East Asia and cultural traditions originated from the British Empire jointly shape Australia s unique strategic culture.Born from its unique strategic culture,Australia s strategic preferences include controlling maritime lifeline,paying attention to forward defense,regarding the South Pacific as a sphere of influence,being guided by pragmatism,and insisting on allying with the western powers.Being indirectly influenced by the strategic culture,Australia s policies towards China include being wary of China s entering South Pacific,actively involving in the South China Sea issue,being alert of Chinese navy s modernization,and strengthening the Australia-U.S.alliance against China.It also advocates the“Indo-Pacific”Initiative with strong sense of being against China,and adopts soft counterbalances and constraints approaches on China.Overall,Australian strategic culture shows the characteristics of strong geopolitical features which are deeply influenced by British strategic culture,and it is difficult for Australia to get rid of western cultures’influence.To this end,the dependency of Australian strategic culture is greater than its independence.

关 键 词：战略文化 战略偏好 澳大利亚 对华疑惧 

分 类 号：D822.361.1[政治法律—政治学]