涠洲岛海域营养盐变化特征与评价  

Characteristics and Evaluation of Nutrient Salt Variation in the Sea Area of the Weizhou Island

作　　者：黄晓煦 徐轶肖 张腾 雷富[1] 梁千千 陈丽雯 戴圣生[3] HUANG Xiaoxu;XU Yixiao;ZHANG Teng;LEI Fu;LIANG Qianqian;CHEN Liwen;DAI Shengsheng(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry,Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation,Guangxi Teachers Education University,Nanning,Guangxi,530001,China;Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院北部湾海洋研究中心,广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室,广西海洋天然产物与组合生物合成化学重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]南宁师范大学,北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [3]广西科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《广西科学》2021年第2期130-135,共6页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41976155);广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFDA297001);北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室和广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室开放基金(GTEU-KLOP-K1803);广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室自主研究课题(18A0303)资助。

摘　　要：本研究拟分析涠洲岛海域水体的营养盐成分、比例、浓度以及时空变化,掌握该海域的营养状况与变化趋势,并对海域生态进行健康评价。实验采集海域水体样品并测定其硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、铵盐、磷酸盐、硅酸盐含量及化学需氧量等,采用单项标准指数法与富营养化指数法进行分析评价。调查结果显示:溶解无机氮浓度为14-250μg/L,平均为96μg/L;活性磷酸盐浓度为2.8-38μg/L,平均为15μg/L;活性硅酸盐浓度变化不大,为125-280μg/L,平均为193μg/L。活性磷酸盐与溶解无机氮季节浓度变化较大,时间上,活性磷酸盐在秋季达到变化高峰,溶解无机氮在夏季达到变化高峰;空间上,各营养盐整体呈现由西南向东北递增的趋势,位于涠洲岛东面的海域营养因子浓度较高。根据富营养化指数法得出年际海水富营养化指数为0.016-0.26,均值为0.090,属贫营养海水。其中春季富营养化指数最高,为0.26;冬季富营养化指数最低,为0.016。因此,涠洲岛近岸海域水环境质量现状整体为良好。The composition,proportion,concentration and temporal and spatial variations of nutrient salt in the waters of Weizhou Island are analyzed to master the nutritional status and trend of the sea area,and to evaluate the health of the sea area ecology.Water samples from experimental sea area were collected and the contents of nitrate,nitrite,ammonium salt,phosphate,silicate,phosphate,silicate,and chemical oxygen demand were measured.Single standard index method and eutrophication index method were used for analysis and evaluation.The results showed that the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen was 14-250μg/L,with an average concentration of 96μg/L.The concentration of active phosphate was 2.8-38μg/L,with an average of concentration 15μg/L.The concentration of active silicate varied little in the range of 125-280μg/L,with an average concentration of 193μg/L.The seasonal concentration of active phosphate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen varied greatly.In terms of time,active phosphate reached the peak in autumn,and dissolved inorganic nitrogen reached the peak in summer.In terms of space,the nutrients showed an increasing trend from southwest to northeast,and the concentration of nutrients in the sea area east of Weizhou Island was higher.According to the eutrophication index method,the inter annual eutrophication index of seawater was 0.016-0.26,with an average value of 0.090,indicating that it belonged to oligotrophic seawater.The eutrophication index in spring was the highest,which was 0.26.The eutrophication index in winter was the lowest,which was 0.016.Therefore,the current situation of water environment quality in Weizhou Island coastal waters is generally good.

关 键 词：涠洲岛 营养盐 时空变化 健康评价 水质状况 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]