滇楸优良无性系对水淹胁迫的生理响应及综合评价  

Physiological response and comprehensive evaluation of elite clones of Catalpa fargesii Bur.f.duclouxii under waterlogging stress

作　　者：杜克兵[1,2] 彭婵[3] 赵天宇 黄国伟[3] 马林江[3] 张新叶[3] DU Kebing;PENG Chan;ZHAO Tianyu;HUANG Guowei;MA Linjiang;ZHANG Xinye(College of Horticulture and Forestry sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070;Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,Hubei,China;Xiangyang Academy of Forestry,Xiangyang 441052,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学湖北省林业信息技术研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [4]襄阳市林业科学研究所,湖北襄阳441052

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第6期1-10,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2017CFB444);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目横向项目(20173533C05)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较不同滇楸无性系的抗涝性,筛选抗涝性较强的优良无性系用于长江中下游平原水网区造林。【方法】本研究以4个滇楸优良无性系(DQ64、DQ67、DQ72、DQ78)和1个楸树优良无性系(QS2)的一年生组培移栽苗为材料,研究了14 d淹水处理对其形态、生长与生理指标的影响,并采用隶属函数分析法对5个无性系的抗涝性进行了评价。【结果】淹水处理下,5个无性系植株的形态均发生了明显变化,包括叶片生长减缓、黄化和萎蔫、茎基部皮孔膨大等,但均未出现不定根。从外部形态看,5个无性系之间并无非常明显的差异。在生长量与生理指标方面,淹水处理显著降低了5个无性系的苗高与地径生长量、叶片的气体交换参数(净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、潜在水分利用效率(R_(WUEi)))、叶绿素荧光(可变荧光(F_(v))、最大光化学量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m))、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性(F_(v)/F_(o)))、叶绿素含量与根系活力,显著提高了叶片的胞间CO_(2)浓度/环境CO_(2)浓度(C_(i)/C_(a))、相对电导率(RMP)、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及叶片与细根的脯氨酸(Pro)含量。随着淹水时间的延长,这些指标的变化幅度逐渐加大。淹水变化率的分析结果显示,生长量与生理指标在5个无性系中的变化幅度存在显著差异,表明5个无性系受到淹水胁迫的伤害有所不同。【结论】采用隶属函数分析法,将5个无性系的抗涝性强弱排序为DQ67>DQ78>DQ72>DQ64>QS2。【Objective】To compare the waterlogging resistance of different clones of Catalpa fargesii Bur.f.duclouxii,and select elite clones for afforestation in the plain water network area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river.【Method】One-year old transplanted tissue culture seedlings from four clones of C.fargesii Bur.f.duclouxii(DQ64,DQ67,DQ72,DQ78)and one clone of C.bungei(QS2)were adopted as the materials in the present study,and their morphological,growing and physiological responses to 14 days partial submergence treatment were investigated,coupled with evaluation of their flooding tolerance by use of membership function analysis.【Result】The morphology of the five clones changed obviously under the waterlogging stress,including retarded leaf initiation and development,chlorosis and abscission of leaves,as well as development of hypertrophied lenticels.No adventitious roots were observed in all the plants at the end of flooding treatment.There was no obvious morphological difference between the five clones.In terms of the growth and physiological indicators,many parameters of the five clones were significantly decreased by the waterlogging stress,including height and root-collar diameter growth,leaf gas exchange(P_(n),G_(s),T_(r),R_(WUEi)),chlorophyll fluorescence(F_(v),F_(v)/F_(m),F_(v)/F_(o)),chlorophyll contents and root metabolite.Meantime,some other parameters were significantly increased,including the ratio of intercellular to air CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)/C_(a)),relative membrane permeability,malonaldehyde contents and proline contents.With the prolonging of waterlogging stress,the variation range of these indexes increases gradually.The rates of change due to flooding of the parameters mentioned above varied among the five clones significantly,which indicated they were hurt differently by the waterlogging stress.【Conclusion】Results of membership function analysis showed that the waterlogging resistance of the five clones was ranked as DQ67>DQ78>DQ72>DQ64>QS2.

关 键 词：滇楸 楸树 淹水胁迫 抗涝性 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]