湘中丘陵地区4种植物群落的物种组成和数量特征  

Species composition and quantitative characteristics of four plant communities in hilly region of central Hunan province,China

作　　者：王智慧 陈金磊 方晰[1,2] WANG Zhihui;CHEN Jinlei;FANG Xi(College of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Forest Ecological Technology in Southern China,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第6期112-121,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201504411)。

摘　　要：【目的】为评估和预测亚热带森林植被恢复潜力及其恢复趋势,丰富亚热带森林动态学和促进退化生态系统植被恢复进程提供参考。【方法】采用空间代替时间方法,在湘中丘陵区选取4种植物群落:檵木–南烛–满山红灌草丛(LVR)、檵木–杉木–白栎灌木林(LCQ)、马尾松–柯–檵木针阔混交林(PLL)和柯–红淡比–青冈常绿阔叶林(LCC)作为一个恢复序列,设置固定样地,采用样方调查法调查植物群落的物种组成、物种多样性指数、重要值和群落相似系数等指标。【结果】1)LVR、LCQ、PLL、LCC分别由12、19、22、28科,14、26、32、40属,16、28、36、48种组成;随植被恢复,草本层和灌木层的物种先增加后下降,物种更替主要体现在双子叶植物的变化。2)随植被恢复,草本层、灌木层的Shannon-wiener、Pielou、Margalef指数均先增加后减少,Simpson指数却先减少后增加;LVR、LCQ、PLL的Shannon-wiener、Pielou指数表现为:灌木层>草本层,灌木层>乔木层,但是在LCC阶段表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层;Margalef在LVR、LCQ表现为灌木层>草本层,灌木层>乔木层,PLL和LCC表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层。3)恢复早期各层次优势种以芒萁、檵木、杉木、马尾松等阳性物种为主,恢复后期以狗脊、柯、青冈等耐荫物种为主,不同阶段草本层优势种重要值占比均超过50%,乔灌两层的阔叶树种在恢复过程中逐渐占据优势。【结论】不同植被恢复阶段物种组成存在差异,PLL是植被恢复的关键阶段,对已进入PLL阶段的植物群落可采取封山育林等手段结合适当的疏伐以促进其向常绿阔叶林方向恢复。【Objective】To assess and predict potential subtropical forest vegetation restoration and recovery trend,Also for the rich subtropical forest dynamics and provide reference manual intervention control process of vegetation restoration.【Method】Use the space instead of time method,four plant communities were selected in hilly regions of central Hunan province,they were:Quercus fabri-Vacciniumbracteatum-Rhododendron mariesii Irrigation grass(LVR),Quercus fabri-Cunninghamia lanceolata-Quercus fabri brush(LCQ),Pinus massoniana-Lithocarpus glaber-Quercus fabri mixed needle-width forest(PLL)and Lithocarpus glaber-Adinandra millettii-Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest(LCC),as a recovery sequence,the species composition,the species diversity index,importance value and the similarity of plant communities was investigated by means of quadrat survey.【Result】1)The communities of LVR,LCQ,PLL and LCC were 12,19,22 and 28 families,14,26,32 and 40 genera,16,28,36 and 48 species,respectively;with the restoration of vegetation,Herb layer and the shrub layer species climb up and then decline,the replacement of species is mainly reflected in the changes of dicotyledonous plants.2)With vegetation restoration,Shannon-wiener Pielou Margalef index in herb layer and shrub layer increased first and then decreased,the Simpson index dropped first and then increased;Shannon-wiener and Pielou indexes of LVR,LCQ,PLL were as follows:shrub layer>herb layer,shrub layer>tree layer,however,it appears as tree layer>shrub layer>herb layer in LCC,Margalef indexes of LVR、LCQ were as follows:shrub layer>herb layer,shrub layer>tree layer,and it appears as tree layer>shrub layer>herb layer in PLL,LCC.3)At all levels of dominant species in early Dicranopteris dichotoma,Loropetalum chinensis,Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana species is given priority to,late to Cibotium barometz,Lithocarpus glaber,Cyclobalanopsis glauca species is given priority to,the herb layer in different stages of the importance value of dominan

关 键 词：湘中丘陵区 植被恢复 物种组成 物种多样性 重要值 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]