河南省饮水型地方性氟中毒健康教育项目效果分析  

Evaluation of the effects of health education project on drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Henan Province

作　　者：刘洋[1] 李小烽[1] 岳义田[1] 余波[1] 张莉[1] 郑合明[1] 王燕丽[1] Liu Yang;Li Xiaofeng;Yue Yitian;Yu Bo;Zhang Li;Zheng Heming;Wang Yanli(Department for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心地方病预防控制所,郑州450016

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第6期502-506,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2007-2014)。

摘　　要：目的评价河南省饮水型地方性氟中毒健康教育干预效果。方法2008-2015年,采用前瞻性研究方法,结合河南省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区分布,每年在全省选择20~30个病区县(市、区,以下简称县),每个县抽取3个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取1所中心小学和3个行政村,分别开展学校4~6年级小学生和社区的饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识健康教育活动。每年健康教育干预前后在项目乡(镇)抽取中心小学5年级30~50名小学生和学校所在地15~30名家庭主妇,通过问卷调查饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓情况,评价健康教育效果。结果共基线调查小学生29085人,家庭主妇14361人;健康教育干预后效果评估调查小学生25671人,家庭主妇12821人。小学生的防治知识知晓率由干预前的56.12%提高到干预后的92.40%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27395.3,P<0.01);家庭主妇的防治知识知晓率由干预前的62.62%提高到干预后的91.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9560.8,P<0.01)。结论河南省实施健康教育干预措施后,小学生和家庭主妇饮水型地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓率显著提高,建议进一步扩大健康教育范围。Objective To explore the effect of health education on drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Henan Province.Methods From 2008 to 2015,using prospective method and combining with the distribution of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Henan Province,20-30 drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis counties(cities,districts,referred to as counties)were selected as project counties in Henan Province each year,and 3 townships(towns)were selected in each project county.School health educational activities on prevention and treatment of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis were carried out in the classes of grade 4-6 in one central primary school in each township(town);3 administrative villages were selected in each township(town)to carry out community health education activities.Before and after the health education activities,questionnaire surveys on health education of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis prevention knowledge were conducted among 30-50 primary school students of grade 5 in the central primary school and 15-30 housewives in the school location in each township(town),to evaluate the effect of health education.Results The baseline survey included 29085 primary school students and 14361 housewives.After the health intervention,25671 primary school students and 12821 housewives were surveyed.The awareness rate of primary school students increased from 56.12%before the intervention to 92.40%after the intervention(χ^(2)=27395.3,P<0.01),and that of housewives increased from 62.62%before the intervention to 91.76%after the intervention(χ^(2)=9560.8,P<0.01).Conclusions After implementation of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis health education intervention,the awareness rates of prevention and treatment knowledge in primary school students and housewives in Henan Province are significantly increased.It is suggested that the scope of health education should be further expanded.

关 键 词：氟 健康教育 效果评价 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]