南京市中学生饮食行为现状分析  

A Study on the Current Situation of Dietary Behaviors among Middle School Students in Nanjing

作　　者：万园园 夏晓娜 朱亭 周景 刘长伟[1] 唐维兵[1] 潘键 黄敏 WAN Yuanyuan;XIA Xiaona;ZHU Ting;ZHOU Jing;LIU Changwei;TANG Weibing;PAN Jian;HUANG Min(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University;Department of Prevention and Healthcare,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210008)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属儿童医院临床营养科,江苏南京210008 [2]南京医科大学附属儿童医院预防保健科,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《江苏卫生事业管理》2021年第6期841-844,共4页Jiangsu Health System Management

基　　金：南京医科大学校科技发展基金(NMUB2019210)。

摘　　要：目的:调查分析南京市中学生饮食行为现状,为实施中学生营养教育提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法选取南京市5所中学545名初高中学生,进行匿名问卷调查。结果:中学生饮食摄入得分3.20±1.11分,健康饮食行为得分2.08±0.86分,饮食综合得分5.28±1.50分,饮食摄入中得分较低的是摄入鸡蛋和牛奶,健康饮食行为中得分较低的是拒绝零食和拒绝饮料:饮食摄入得分在年级(F=6.508)、父亲文化程度(F=9.936)、母亲文化程度(F=8.076)、独生子女(F=5.445)方面存在差异(P<0.001):健康饮食行为得分男生较女生高(t=6.162,P<0.001):饮食行为综合得分男生较女生高(t=4.171,P<0.001)、独生子女较非独生子女高(t=4.561,P<0.001)。中学生在关心健康、提高健康水平、了解营养知识、以及增强饮食健康四方面健康态度的积极性均较高,分别为83.9%、82.6%、80.4%、80.6%,但是改变不良饮食习惯意愿比例较低(66.4%):改变不良饮食习惯的意愿低年级学生表现较高年级学生好(χ^(2)=10.958,P=0.012)。结论:南京市中学生饮食行为存在问题,健康态度较好。研究提示应加强中学生营养教育,应根据现存饮食行为问题制定有针对性的教育内容。Objective:To investigate and analyze the current situation of dietary behaviors among middle school students in Nan⁃jing,and to provide the basis for the implementation of middle school nutrition education.Methods:An anonymous questionnaire sur⁃vey was conducted among 545 students from 5 middle schools in Nanjing by stratified cluster sampling.Results:The scores of dietary intake,healthy dietary behavior and the comprehensive score of diet were 3.20±1.11,2.08±0.86 and 5.28±1.50,respectively.Low scores on dietary intake were the consumption of eggs and milk,low scores on healthy dietary behaviors were refusing snacks and refus⁃ing drinks.There were significant differences in dietary intake in grade(F=6.508),parents’educational level(father F=9.936,mother F=8.076)and the one-child(F=5.445,P<0.001).The score of healthy dietary behavior was higher in boys than in girls(t=6.162,P<0.001).The comprehensive scores of dietary behavior were higher in boys than in girls(t=4.171,P<0.001),and higher in the onechild than non-one-child(t=4.561,P<0.001)Middle school students are more enthusiastic about health attitudes in four aspects:car⁃ing for health,improving health,understanding nutrition knowledge,and enhancing dietary health,respectively 83.9%,82.6%,80.4%,80.6%,but there were only bits of students(66.4%)willing to change poor dietary habits.Junior students were more willing to change poor dietary habits than the seniors(χ^(2)=10.958,P=0.012).Conclusion:There were some dietary behavior problems in middle school students in Nanjing,and they had positive healthy attitudes.Middle school nutrition education should be strengthened and we should develop targeted education content according to the status quo.

关 键 词：中学生 饮食行为 健康态度 营养教育 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]